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Brunnstroms Clinical Kinesiology 6th Edition Houglum Bertoti Test Bank
ISBN-13: 978-0803623521
ISBN-10: 0803623526
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Chapter 15: Kinesiology Applications in Sports and Recreation
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. What phase of the baseball pitch is the “stride phase” also referred to as?
| a. | Early cocking |
| b. | Late cocking |
| c. | Acceleration |
| d. | Follow through |
____ 2. When does the wind-up phase of pitching end?
| a. | After the catcher indicates the signal for what type of pitch to throw |
| b. | After the pitcher receives the signal for what type of pitch to throw |
| c. | When the pitcher initiates his motion |
| d. | When the ball separates from the glove |
____ 3. What is the quietest and most variable pitching phase?
| a. | Early cocking |
| b. | Wind-up |
| c. | Acceleration |
| d. | Follow-through |
____ 4. Approximately how many degrees of hip and knee flexion occur during the wind-up phase of pitching?
| a. | 30 |
| b. | 60 |
| c. | 90 |
| d. | 120 |
____ 5. When does the early cocking phase of pitching end?
| a. | When the front foot contacts the ground |
| b. | When the back foot contacts the ground |
| c. | When the ball separates from the glove |
| d. | When the pitching shoulder reaches maximum lateral rotation |
____ 6. What is the correct action for the listed muscles as the shoulder laterally rotates during the cocking phase? ______________ contraction of lateral rotators and a(n) ___________ contraction of medial rotators
| a. | Concentric; concentric |
| b. | Concentric; eccentric |
| c. | Eccentric; concentric |
| d. | Eccentric; eccentric |
____ 7. During which phase of pitching is the hand and ball furthest from the target?
| a. | Cocking |
| b. | Wind-up |
| c. | Acceleration |
| d. | Follow-through |
____ 8. When does the late cocking phase of pitching end?
| a. | When the front foot contacts the ground |
| b. | When the back foot contacts the ground |
| c. | When the ball separates from the glove |
| d. | When the pitching shoulder reaches maximum lateral rotation |
____ 9. At what angle is the trunk in relation to the target during the late cocking phase?
| a. | 0°, parallel |
| b. | 45° |
| c. | 90°,perpendicular |
| d. | 135° |
____ 10. What phase of pitching is associated with maximal elongation of the pitcher’s body?
| a. | Cocking |
| b. | Wind-up |
| c. | Acceleration |
| d. | Follow-through |
____ 11. Taking into consideration the glenohumeral joint, scapulothoracic rotation, and trunk extension, how many degrees of lateral rotation are apparent at the end of the cocking phase?
| a. | 90 |
| b. | 120 |
| c. | 150 |
| d. | 175 |
____ 12. During the late cocking phase of pitching, how many degrees of pure lateral rotation come from the glenohumeral joint?
| a. | 90 |
| b. | 120 |
| c. | 150 |
| d. | 175 |
____ 13. The acceleration phase of pitching begins when the _______________.
| a. | front foot contacts the ground |
| b. | back foot contacts the ground |
| c. | ball releases from the hand |
| d. | pitching shoulder reaches maximum lateral rotation |
____ 14. When does the acceleration phase of pitching end?
| a. | When the front foot contacts the ground |
| b. | When the back foot contacts the ground |
| c. | Ball releases from the hand |
| d. | Pitching shoulder reaches maximum lateral rotation |
____ 15. Which phase of pitching is considered to be the most explosive?
| a. | Early cocking |
| b. | Late cocking |
| c. | Acceleration |
| d. | Follow through |
____ 16. What is the average angular velocity (degrees/second) of the shoulder during the acceleration phase of pitching?
| a. | 60 |
| b. | 600 |
| c. | 6,000 |
| d. | 60,000 |
____ 17. During pitching a baseball, at ball release, what position is the elbow in?
| a. | The elbow is fully extended at ball release: 0°. |
| b. | The elbow is slightly flexed at ball release: 25°. |
| c. | The elbow is moderately flexed at ball release: 65°. |
| d. | The elbow is markedly flexed at ball release: 105°. |
____ 18. During the follow-through phase of pitching, what two positions does the shoulder move into?
| a. | Medial rotation and horizontal adduction |
| b. | Medial rotation and horizontal abduction |
| c. | Lateral rotation and horizontal adduction |
| d. | Lateral rotation and horizontal abduction |
____ 19. During the follow-through phase of pitching, what is the predominant type of rotator cuff contraction?
| a. | Isometric |
| b. | Concentric |
| c. | Eccentric |
| d. | The rotator cuff muscles are silent during this phase of pitching. |
____ 20. At which phase of pitching does the stride leg bear the majority of body weight?
| a. | Cocking |
| b. | Wind-up |
| c. | Acceleration |
| d. | Follow-through |
____ 21. How many degrees of circular movement does a full windmill pitch encompass?
| a. | 180 |
| b. | 270 |
| c. | 360 |
| d. | 450 |
____ 22. Which phase of the softball windmill pitch has the most variety?
| a. | Wind-up |
| b. | 6:00–3:00 |
| c. | 3:00–12:00 |
| d. | 12:00–9:00 |
____ 23. The wind-up phase of the softball windmill pitch begins when the pitcher moves the ball to which position?
| a. | 3:00 |
| b. | 6:00 |
| c. | 9:00 |
| d. | 12:00 |
____ 24. Which phase of the windmill softball pitch exhibits minimal muscular activity?
| a. | Wind-up |
| b. | 6:00–3:00 |
| c. | 3:00–12:00 |
| d. | 12:00–9:00 |
____ 25. During a softball windmill pitch, what is the average angular velocity (degrees/second) when the shoulder moves from 6:00 to 3:00?
| a. | 5 |
| b. | 50 |
| c. | 500 |
| d. | 5,000 |
____ 26. During a softball windmill pitch, what plane does the shoulder predominantly move in from 6:00 to 3:00?
| a. | Frontal |
| b. | Transverse |
| c. | Sagittal |
| d. | Horizontal |
____ 27. Which phase of a softball windmill pitch do the supraspinatus and infraspinatus exhibit their greatest activity?
| a. | 6:00–3:00 |
| b. | 3:00–12:00 |
| c. | 12:00–9:00 |
| d. | 9:00–ball release |
____ 28. Which phase of the softball windmill pitch does the shoulder move from lateral to medial rotation?
| a. | 6:00–3:00 |
| b. | 3:00–12:00 |
| c. | 12:00–9:00 |
| d. | 9:00–ball release |
____ 29. What are the primary muscles active in medial rotation of the humerus during the windmill pitch?
| a. | Teres minor and teres major |
| b. | Teres major and latissimus dorsi |
| c. | Latissimus dorsi and subscapularis |
| d. | Subscapularis and pectoralis major |
____ 30. Which phase of the softball windmill pitch is the biceps brachii most active?
| a. | 6:00–3:00 |
| b. | 3:00–12:00 |
| c. | 12:00–9:00 |
| d. | 9:00–ball release |
____ 31. What is the primary function of the upper extremities during a soccer in-step kick?
| a. | Provide agility |
| b. | Provide balance |
| c. | Provide coordination |
| d. | Provide power |
____ 32. What is the ideal angle to approach a soccer ball for an in-step kick?
| a. | 0–15° |
| b. | 15–30° |
| c. | 30–45° |
| d. | 45–60° |
____ 33. What hip position is the kick leg moving into during the backswing phase of a soccer in-step kick?
| a. | Extension, medial rotation and abduction |
| b. | Flexion, lateral rotation and adduction |
| c. | Extension, lateral rotation and adduction |
| d. | Flexion, medial rotation and abduction |
____ 34. What position is the pelvis and knee moving into during the backswing phase of a soccer in-step kick?
| a. | Anterior tilt; knee extension |
| b. | Anterior tilt; knee flexion |
| c. | Posterior tilt; knee extension |
| d. | Posterior tilt; knee flexion |
____ 35. Which muscles probably contract to cause the torso to rotate opposite that of the pelvis during the leg-cocking phase of an in-step soccer kick?
| a. | Quadratus lumborum and semispinalis |
| b. | Semispinalis and multifidi |
| c. | Multifidi and external oblique |
| d. | External oblique and internal oblique |
____ 36. When is the acceleration phase of a soccer in-step kick completed?
| a. | When the foot from the support limb comes in full contact with the ground |
| b. | When the knee of the kicking limb is in maximal flexion |
| c. | When the kicking limb contacts the ball |
| d. | After completion of the activity |
____ 37. What are the dominant muscles used during the acceleration phase to kick a ball?
| a. | Hip flexors and hamstrings |
| b. | Hip flexors and quadriceps |
| c. | Quadriceps and hamstrings |
| d. | Hamstrings and adductors |
____ 38. Which two muscles are most active on the support limb during the acceleration phase of a soccer in-step kick?
| a. | Gluteus medius and quadriceps |
| b. | Gluteus maximus and quadriceps |
| c. | Gluteus medius and anterior tibialis |
| d. | Quadriceps and anterior tibialis |
____ 39. Approximately what percentage do the legs contribute to a swimmer’s speed?
| a. | 40% |
| b. | 30% |
| c. | 20% |
| d. | 10% |
____ 40. During freestyle swimming, for every arm stroke, how many leg kicks are there?
| a. | One |
| b. | Two |
| c. | Three |
| d. | Four |
____ 41. During freestyle swimming, most of the kicking motion comes from which joint?
| a. | Ankle |
| b. | Knee |
| c. | Hip |
| d. | Equal distribution from all three joints |
____ 42. During freestyle swimming, how does the roll occur?
| a. | As one unit |
| b. | As two units |
| c. | As three units |
| d. | The body does not roll in units during freestyle swimming. |
____ 43. Of the following statements, which is false as it relates to the pull-through phase of freestyle swimming?
| a. | The hand creates a “C”-shaped path of motion while in the water. |
| b. | It ends when the hand exits the water. |
| c. | Is considered to be the propulsive phase. |
| d. | It makes up approximately 65% of the entire stroke. |
____ 44. Which of the wrist flexors has been shown to exhibit between 50% and 80% of its maximum force throughout most of the freestyle stroke?
| a. | Flexor carpi radialis |
| b. | Flexor carpi ulnaris |
| c. | Flexor digitorum superficialis |
| d. | Flexor digitorum profundus |
____ 45. What phase of freestyle swimming does body roll begin in?
| a. | Hand entry |
| b. | Early pull-through |
| c. | Middle pull-through |
| d. | Late pull-through |
____ 46. What phase of freestyle swimming is the serratus anterior most active in?
| a. | Hand entry |
| b. | Early pull-through |
| c. | Middle pull-through |
| d. | Late pull-through |
____ 47. When does the early pull-through phase of the freestyle swimming stroke end?
| a. | When the hand exits the water |
| b. | When the arm is at its most extended position |
| c. | When the arm is at its deepest point in the water |
| d. | When the arm is perpendicular to the trunk |
____ 48. When does the middle pull-through phase of the freestyle swimming stroke end?
| a. | When the hand exits the water |
| b. | When the arm is at its most extended position |
| c. | When the arm is at its deepest point in the water |
| d. | When the arm is perpendicular to the trunk |
____ 49. What motions of the humerus occur during the middle pull-through phase of freestyle swimming?
| a. | Abduction and medial rotation |
| b. | Flexion and adduction |
| c. | Adduction and extension |
| d. | Lateral rotation and adduction |
____ 50. When does the late pull-through phase of the freestyle swimming stroke end?
| a. | When the hand exits the water |
| b. | When the arm is at its most extended position |
| c. | When the arm is at its deepest point in the water |
| d. | When the arm is perpendicular to the trunk |
____ 51. What part of the upper extremity exits the water first during the recovery phase of the freestyle swimming stroke?
| a. | Hand |
| b. | Elbow |
| c. | Shoulder |
| d. | All of the above listed body parts exit the water simultaneously. |
____ 52. Which two muscles are important for maintaining spinal stability in the golfer?
| a. | Rectus abdominis and external oblique |
| b. | External oblique and multifidus |
| c. | Multifidus and transverse abdominis |
| d. | Transverse abdominis and erector spinae |
____ 53. Which of the following muscles is “quiet” throughout the golf swing?
| a. | Pectoralis major |
| b. | Latissimus dorsi |
| c. | Rhomboid major |
| d. | Deltoid |
____ 54. During the wind-up phase of the golf swing in a right-handed golfer, how is the head positioned?
| a. | Neutrally positioned |
| b. | Rotated to the right |
| c. | Rotated to the left |
| d. | Sidebent to the left |
| e. | Sidebent to the right |
____ 55. What type of grip is used to hold a golf club?
| a. | Power grip |
| b. | Lateral prehension |
| c. | Hook |
| d. | Three jaw chuck |
____ 56. For a right-handed golfer, what position is the scapula in at the top of the backswing?
| a. | Protracted and slightly upwardly rotated |
| b. | Protracted and slightly downwardly rotated |
| c. | Retracted and slightly upwardly rotated |
| d. | Retracted and slightly downwardly rotated |
____ 57. For a right-handed golfer, what position is the humerus in at the top of the backswing?
| a. | Abducted and medially rotated |
| b. | Abducted and laterally rotated |
| c. | Adducted and medially rotated |
| d. | Adducted and laterally rotated |
____ 58. During which phase of the golf swing are the supraspinatus and infraspinatus most active?
| a. | Wind-up |
| b. | Forward swing |
| c. | Acceleration |
| d. | Follow-through |
____ 59. When does the forward swing phase of a golf swing terminate?
| a. | At the top of the backswing |
| b. | When the club is perpendicular to the ground |
| c. | When the club is horizontal to the ground |
| d. | At ball contact |
____ 60. When does the acceleration phase of a golf swing terminate?
| a. | At the top of the backswing |
| b. | When the club is perpendicular to the ground |
| c. | When the club is horizontal to the ground |
| d. | At ball contact |
____ 61. For a right-handed golfer, during which phase of the golf swing is the right gluteus maximus most active?
| a. | Wind-up |
| b. | Forward swing |
| c. | Acceleration |
| d. | Follow-through |
____ 62. For a right-handed golfer, during which phase of the golf swing are the left external and right internal obliques most active?
| a. | Wind-up |
| b. | Forward swing |
| c. | Acceleration |
| d. | Follow-through |
____ 63. For a right-handed golfer, during which phase of the golf swing does the weight transfer to the lead leg?
| a. | Wind-up |
| b. | Forward swing |
| c. | Acceleration |
| d. | Follow-through |
____ 64. During which phase of a golf swing is overall muscle activity greatest?
| a. | Wind-up |
| b. | Forward swing |
| c. | Acceleration |
| d. | Follow-through |
____ 65. During the follow-through phase of a golf swing, of what variety are most muscle contractions?
| a. | Concentric |
| b. | Eccentric |
| c. | Isometric |
| d. | No one type of muscle contraction dominates this phase of the golf swing. |
True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
____ 66. As clinical kinesiologists, we routinely perform a quantitative biomechanical assessment of an activity.
____ 67. Evidence from research suggests there are no differences in delivery times of the ball to the plate when the body of the pitcher faces the batter compared with when the glove side of the pitcher faces the batter.
____ 68. During the wind-up phase of pitching, a weight transfer occurs from the back leg to the front leg.
____ 69. During the early cocking phase, the body begins to move forward, keeping the arm behind it.
____ 70. The muscles of the lower extremity, pelvis and trunk provide more than 50% of the force for pitching.
____ 71. Ball release during pitching occurs with the shoulder in medial rotation.
____ 72. During the acceleration phase of pitching, the forearm supinates.
____ 73. Muscle activity during the acceleration phase is primarily concentric in nature.
____ 74. Throughout most of the windmill pitch in softball, the wrist remains stabilized in flexion.
____ 75. The biceps brachii is more active during the softball windmill pitch when compared with pitching a baseball.
____ 76. Overall, muscular activity of the shoulder muscles is greater during the deceleration phase of a windmill softball pitch compared with the same phase of pitching a baseball.
____ 77. In tennis, the backhand is the most rigorous stroke.
____ 78. During the acceleration phase of a tennis serve, the lower extremities muscles reach peak activity levels before the upper extremity muscles.
____ 79. Similar to a baseball pitch, golf swing, and tennis serve, the cycling motion has five to six phases.
____ 80. During cycling, the hamstrings act to assist with hip extension during the first half of the power phase and to flex the knee during the second half of the power phase.
Chapter 15: Kinesiology Applications in Sports and Recreation
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
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