Description
Essentials of Sonography and Patient Care 2nd Edition Craig Test Bank
ISBN13: 9781416001706
ISBN10: 1416001700
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Craig: Essentials of Sonography and Patient Care, 2nd Edition
Test Bank
Chapter 1: The Origins and Evolution of Diagnostic Medical Sonography
- A landmark book, The Theory of Sound, represented the beginning of the modern study of acoustics and was authored by
| a. | Sir Isaac Newton |
| b. | Robert Boyle |
| c. | Leonardo da Vinci |
| d. | Lord Rayleigh |
| e. | Lazzaro Spallanzani |
ANS: D
- Early real-time ultrasound systems relied on the use of
| a. | linear array transducers |
| b. | phased-array transducers |
| c. | convex (curvilinear) transducers |
| d. | endocorporeal transducers |
| e. | mechanical sectoring transducers |
ANS: A
- Bi-stable imaging systems were replaced by grayscale methods because
| a. | the image display was too slow |
| b. | they failed to demonstrate subtle soft tissue interfaces |
| c. | the caliper measuring devices were unreliable |
| d. | the image recording options were limited |
| e. | the phosphor-coated screens were subject to screen “decay” |
ANS: B
- The destructive nature of ultrasound on biologic organisms and living tissue was first discussed in 1927 by
| a. | Woods and Loomis |
| b. | Doppler and Roentgen |
| c. | Langevin and Chilowsky |
| d. | Howry and Holmes |
| e. | Pierce and Firestone |
ANS: A
- Name the physician who devoted his career to the study and development of
noninvasive measurement of the peripheral vascular system.
| a. | John Reid |
| b. | Don Baker |
| c. | Rokuru Uchida |
| d. | Eugene Strandness |
| e. | Nathanial Bronson |
ANS: D
- The biggest complaint of static imagers with regard to real-time equipment was its
| a. | noise |
| b. | transducer focal zones |
| c. | sector artifacts |
| d. | field of view |
| e. | heavy and bulky transducer |
ANS: D
- Francis Fry and Elizabeth Kelly Fry are most well know for their work in
| a. | vascular ultrasound |
| b. | breast ultrasound |
| c. | ophthalmic ultrasound |
| d. | obstetrical ultrasound |
| e. | echocardiography |
ANS: B
- Name the physician credited as the first to establish the characteristic M-mode patterns of the mitral valve.
| a. | Carl Helmuth Hertz |
| b. | Claude Joyner |
| c. | Inge Edler |
| d. | George Kossoff |
| e. | Sven Effert |
ANS: C
- The phenomenon of piezoelectricity was discovered by
| a. | The Dussik brothers |
| b. | Wild and Reid |
| c. | Langevin and Chilowsky |
| d. | Jacques and Pierre Curie |
| e. | Leopold and Donald |
ANS: D
- The direct precursor to modern-day ultrasound imaging systems was the
| a. | diasonograph |
| b. | Searle vidoson |
| c. | reflectoscope |
| d. | physionics porta-arm scanner |
| e. | octoson |
ANS: D
- The study of sound was begun in 500 B.C., when Pythagoras observed
| a. | the propagation of sound |
| b. | the relationship between pitch and frequency |
| c. | the vibration of a musical instrument |
| d. | the nature of sound produced by one object striking another |
| e. | that sound is carried to the ears by the movement of air |
ANS: B
- Who was the first person to use the sound analogy of a pebble dropped into a calm body of water?
| a. | Archytas |
| b. | Pythagorus |
| c. | Socrates |
| d. | Boethius |
| e. | da Vinci |
ANS: D
- Who first originated the concept that sound travels in waves?
| a. | Galileo |
| b. | da Vinci |
| c. | Sir Isaac Newton |
| d. | Archytas |
| e. | Robert Boyle |
ANS: B
- Who is credited with the observation that “the angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence”?
| a. | da Vinci |
| b. | Aristotle |
| c. | Rayleigh |
| d. | Pythagorus |
| e. | Spallanzani |
ANS: A
- The observation of bats navigating in the dark produced the idea that sound above the range of human hearing might exist. This concept was first expressed by
| a. | Francis Galton |
| b. | Christian Doppler |
| c. | Lazzaro Spallanzani |
| d. | Wilhelm Roentgen |
| e. | The Curie brothers |
ANS: C
- To remove unwanted tissue, therapeutic ultrasound relies on the following irreversible effects:
| a. | mechanical stress | |
| b. | cavitation | |
| c. | localized heating | |
| d. | a and c | |
| e. |
|
ANS: E
- The A-mode mapping of the human brain was pioneered by
| a. | Douglass Howry |
| b. | Karl Dussik |
| c. | George Ludwig |
| d. | John Reid |
| e. | John Wild |
ANS: B
- The first scientist to develop intercavitary transducers for use with B-mode
scanners was
| a. | Wild |
| b. | Holmes |
| c. | Howry |
| d. | Thompson |
| e. | Reid |
ANS: A
- The major limitation of bi-stable imaging was its
| a. | need to use two oscilloscopes |
| b. | cumbersome assembly |
| c. | incomplete one-dimension images |
| d. | storage phosphor cathode ray tube |
| e. | need to immerse patients in water |
ANS: D
- Name the physician-scientist who was the first to ultrasonically demonstrate images of the fetal gestational sac.
| a. | Kenneth Gottesfeld |
| b. | Stuart Campbell |
| c. | Ian Donald |
| d. | Phillipe Jeanty |
| e. | Horace Thompson |
ANS: C
- “Guidelines on Biological Safety” was the published work of
| a. | American investigators |
| b. | Japanese investigators |
| c. | Swedish investigators |
| d. | English investigators |
| e. | French investigators |
ANS: A
- Early Doppler ultrasound systems were limited by the following:
| a. | processing power |
| b. | insufficient number of duplex transducer arrays |
| c. | inadequate algorithms/techniques |
| d. | a and b only |
| e. | a, b, and c |
ANS: E
- The development of modern day sonar is linked to the invention of the
| a. | reflectoscope |
| b. | hyperphone |
| c. | acoustiphone |
| d. | hydrophone |
| e. | reversiphone |
ANS: D
- The first American investigator to detail the methods and advantages of fetal cephalometry was
| a. | Popp |
| b. | Goldberg |
| c. | Feigenbaum |
| d. | Gottesfeld |
| e. | Lehmann |
ANS: B
- Floyd Firestone is credited with inventing a(n)
| a. | ceiling-mounted transducer carriage |
| b. | water path scanner |
| c. | fast B-scanner |
| d. | flaw-detector |
| e. | digital scan converter |
ANS: D
