Description
Essentials of Sonography and Patient Care 2nd Edition Craig Test Bank
ISBN13: 9781416001706
ISBN10: 1416001700
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Craig: Essentials of Sonography and Patient Care, 2nd Edition
Test Bank
Chapter 1: The Origins and Evolution of Diagnostic Medical Sonography
- A landmark book, The Theory of Sound, represented the beginning of the modern study of acoustics and was authored by
a. | Sir Isaac Newton |
b. | Robert Boyle |
c. | Leonardo da Vinci |
d. | Lord Rayleigh |
e. | Lazzaro Spallanzani |
ANS: D
- Early real-time ultrasound systems relied on the use of
a. | linear array transducers |
b. | phased-array transducers |
c. | convex (curvilinear) transducers |
d. | endocorporeal transducers |
e. | mechanical sectoring transducers |
ANS: A
- Bi-stable imaging systems were replaced grayscale methods because
a. | the image display was too slow |
b. | they failed to demonstrate subtle soft tissue interfaces |
c. | the caliper measuring devices were unreliable |
d. | the image recording options were limited |
e. | the phosphor-coated screens were subject to screen “decay” |
ANS: B
- The destructive nature of ultrasound on biologic organisms and living tissue was first discussed in 1927 by
a. | Woods and Loomis |
b. | Doppler and Roentgen |
c. | Langevin and Chilowsky |
d. | Howry and Holmes |
e. | Pierce and Firestone |
ANS: A
- Name the physician who devoted his career to the study and development of
noninvasive measurement of the peripheral vascular system.
a. | John Reid |
b. | Don Baker |
c. | Rokuru Uchida |
d. | Eugene Strandness |
e. | Nathanial Bronson |
ANS: D
- The biggest complaint of static imagers with regard to real-time equipment was its
a. | noise |
b. | transducer focal zones |
c. | sector artifacts |
d. | field of view |
e. | heavy and bulky transducer |
ANS: D
- Francis Fry and Elizabeth Kelly Fry are most well know for their work in
a. | vascular ultrasound |
b. | breast ultrasound |
c. | ophthalmic ultrasound |
d. | obstetrical ultrasound |
e. | echocardiography |
ANS: B
- Name the physician credited as the first to establish the characteristic M-mode patterns of the mitral valve.
a. | Carl Helmuth Hertz |
b. | Claude Joyner |
c. | Inge Edler |
d. | George Kossoff |
e. | Sven Effert |
ANS: C
- The phenomenon of piezoelectricity was discovered by
a. | The Dussik brothers |
b. | Wild and Reid |
c. | Langevin and Chilowsky |
d. | Jacques and Pierre Curie |
e. | Leopold and Donald |
ANS: D
- The direct precursor to modern-day ultrasound imaging systems was the
a. | diasonograph |
b. | Searle vidoson |
c. | reflectoscope |
d. | physionics porta-arm scanner |
e. | octoson |
ANS: D
- The study of sound was begun in 500 B.C., when Pythagoras observed
a. | the propagation of sound |
b. | the relationship between pitch and frequency |
c. | the vibration of a musical instrument |
d. | the nature of sound produced one object striking another |
e. | that sound is carried to the ears the movement of air |
ANS: B
- Who was the first person to use the sound analogy of a pebble dropped into a calm body of water?
a. | Archytas |
b. | Pythagorus |
c. | Socrates |
d. | Boethius |
e. | da Vinci |
ANS: D
- Who first originated the concept that sound travels in waves?
a. | Galileo |
b. | da Vinci |
c. | Sir Isaac Newton |
d. | Archytas |
e. | Robert Boyle |
ANS: B
- Who is credited with the observation that “the angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence”?
a. | da Vinci |
b. | Aristotle |
c. | Rayleigh |
d. | Pythagorus |
e. | Spallanzani |
ANS: A
- The observation of bats navigating in the dark produced the idea that sound above the range of human hearing might exist. This concept was first expressed by
a. | Francis Galton |
b. | Christian Doppler |
c. | Lazzaro Spallanzani |
d. | Wilhelm Roentgen |
e. | The Curie brothers |
ANS: C
- To remove unwanted tissue, therapeutic ultrasound relies on the following irreversible effects:
a. | mechanical stress | |
b. | cavitation | |
c. | localized heating | |
d. | a and c | |
e. |
|
ANS: E
- The A-mode mapping of the human brain was pioneered by
a. | Douglass Howry |
b. | Karl Dussik |
c. | George Ludwig |
d. | John Reid |
e. | John Wild |
ANS: B
- The first scientist to develop intercavitary transducers for use with B-mode
scanners was
a. | Wild |
b. | Holmes |
c. | Howry |
d. | Thompson |
e. | Reid |
ANS: A
- The major limitation of bi-stable imaging was its
a. | need to use two oscilloscopes |
b. | cumbersome assembly |
c. | incomplete one-dimension images |
d. | storage phosphor cathode ray tube |
e. | need to immerse patients in water |
ANS: D
- Name the physician-scientist who was the first to ultrasonically demonstrate images of the fetal gestational sac.
a. | Kenneth Gottesfeld |
b. | Stuart Campbell |
c. | Ian Donald |
d. | Phillipe Jeanty |
e. | Horace Thompson |
ANS: C
- “Guidelines on Biological Safety” was the published work of
a. | American investigators |
b. | Japanese investigators |
c. | Swedish investigators |
d. | English investigators |
e. | French investigators |
ANS: A
- Early Doppler ultrasound systems were limited the following:
a. | processing power |
b. | insufficient number of duplex transducer arrays |
c. | inadequate algorithms/techniques |
d. | a and b only |
e. | a, b, and c |
ANS: E
- The development of modern day sonar is linked to the invention of the
a. | reflectoscope |
b. | hyperphone |
c. | acoustiphone |
d. | hydrophone |
e. | reversiphone |
ANS: D
- The first American investigator to detail the methods and advantages of fetal cephalometry was
a. | Popp |
b. | Goldberg |
c. | Feigenbaum |
d. | Gottesfeld |
e. | Lehmann |
ANS: B
- Floyd Firestone is credited with inventing a(n)
a. | ceiling-mounted transducer carriage |
b. | water path scanner |
c. | fast B-scanner |
d. | flaw-detector |
e. | digital scan converter |
ANS: D