Description
Human Anatomy 3rd Edition Saladin Test Bank
ISBN:
0077349997
ISBN-13:
9780077349998
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Chapter 17
Sense Organs
Multiple Choice Questions
- Taste cells produce all of the following tastes except
A.spicy.
B. salty.
C. bitter.
D. sweet.
E. umami.
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.02
Topic: Nervous System
- Which of the following nerve endings is not found in the skin?
A. proprioceptors
B. Ruffini corpuscles
C. tactile corpuscles
D. lamellar corpuscles
E. hair receptors
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.01
Topic: Nervous System
- Other than the optic disc, the only point where the retina is attached to the rest of the eyeball is an anterior ring called
A.the suspensory ligament.
B. the ciliary body.
C. the crista ampullaris.
D. the cupula.
E. the ora serrata.
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- How does the brain distinguish high-pitched from low-pitched sounds?
A.High-pitched sounds cause the cochlear nerve fibers to fire more rapidly.
B. High-pitched sounds stimulate hair cells near the tip of the cochlea.
C. Low-pitched sounds stimulate hair cells near the tip of the cochlea.
D. Low-pitched sounds cause the cochlear nerve fibers to fire more rapidly.
E. High-pitched sounds cause the basilar membrane to vibrate more vigorously.
Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 17.03
Topic: Nervous System
- What is a muscle that allows you to roll your eyes upward, as in a look of disgust?
A.superior oblique
B. inferior oblique
C. inferior rectus
D. superior rectus
E. lateral rectus
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- What is the name for farsightedness?
A.presbyopia
B. myopia
C. utopia
D. hyperopia
E. glaucoma
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- Which of the following are the only neurons in the body to routinely undergo mitosis?
A.basal cells in the taste buds
B. ganglion cells
C. auditory hair cells
D. olfactory receptors
E. bipolar cells
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.02
Topic: Nervous System
- Where does conscious perception of vision occur?
A.the retina
B. the optic chiasma
C. the geniculate nucleus
D. the primary visual cortex
E. the orbitofrontal cortex
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- Mitral cells synapse with
A.rod cells.
B. cone cells.
C. olfactory cells.
D. taste cells.
E. bipolar cells.
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.02
Topic: Nervous System
- The semicircular ducts are filled with
A.aqueous humor.
B. vitreous humor.
C. perilymph.
D. endolymph.
E. cerumen.
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.03
Topic: Nervous System
- The semicircular ducts lie within
A.the middle ear cavity.
B. the auditory tube.
C. the membranous labyrinth.
D. the vestibule.
E. the semicircular canals.
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.03
Topic: Nervous System
- Which of the following are heat receptors?
A. lamellar corpuscles
B. Krause end bulbs
C. Ruffini corpuscles
D. tactile (Merkel) discs
E. free nerve endings
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.01
Topic: Nervous System
- Hair cells of the cochlea are stimulated as a result of the up-and-down vibrations of
A.the basilar membrane.
B. the tectorial membrane.
C. the vestibular membrane.
D. the tympanic membrane.
E. the otolithic membrane.
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.03
Topic: Nervous System
- At normal daylight intensities, the _____ cells are nonfunctional.
A.cone
B. rod
C. amacrine
D. bipolar
E. mitral
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- We sense rotary movements of the head when the endolymph pushes on a gelatinous cap called the _____ in a semicircular duct.
A.otolith
B. papilla
C. cupula
D. utricle
E. saccule
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.03
Topic: Nervous System
- Which structure senses the upward movement of an elevator?
A.anterior and posterior semicircular ducts
B. ampulla
C. cupula
D. macula sacculi
E. macula utriculi
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.03
Topic: Nervous System
- Which of the following is part of the fibrous tunic of the eye?
A.the rods
B. the choroid
C. the sclera
D. the retina
E. the vitreous body
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- The blind spot in each visual field is a region in which
A.there are rod cells but no cone cells.
B. there are cone cells but no rod cells.
C. bipolar cells block light from reaching the rods and cones.
D. the iris casts a shadow on part of the retina.
E. the optic nerve leaves the eye.
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- The footplate of the stapes covers an opening called
A.the auditory canal.
B. the auditory tube.
C. the oval window.
D. the round window.
E. the crista ampullaris.
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.03
Topic: Nervous System
- When you focus on objects close to the eye, the eye makes an adjustment called
A.emmetropia.
B. accommodation.
C. refraction.
D. myopia.
E. diplopia.
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- Suppose you are on a spinning ride at an amusement park. As you whirl around and around with your eyes closed, you sense the rotation means of your
A.cochlea.
B. macula utriculi.
C. macula sacculi.
D. semicircular ducts.
E. organ of Corti.
Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 17.03
Topic: Nervous System
- Where are taste buds located?
A.the organ of Corti
B. the filiform papillae
C. the vallate papillae
D. the lingual frenulum
E. the cupula
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.02
Topic: Nervous System
- The solitary nucleus, which receives taste signals from the tongue, is in
A.the temporal lobe.
B. the parietal lobe.
C. the medulla oblongata.
D. the pons.
E. the cerebellum.
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.02
Topic: Nervous System
- Nerve fibers of the olfactory tracts lead to
A.the temporal lobe.
B. the thalamus.
C. the parietal lobes.
D. the precentral gyrus.
E. the midbrain.
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.02
Topic: Nervous System
- The auditory tube
A.leads from the pinna to the tympanic membrane.
B. leads from the tympanic membrane to the oval window.
C. spirals around the modiolus of the cochlea.
D. leads from the nasopharynx to the middle ear.
E. includes the vestibule and semicircular ducts.
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.03
Topic: Nervous System
- The ____ is attached to the medial side of the tympanic membrane.
A.malleus
B. incus
C. stapes
D. stapedius
E. tensor tympani
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.03
Topic: Nervous System
- The movement of stereocilia on the hair cells of the organ of Corti causes _____ ions to rapidly enter the cells.
A.sodium
B. potassium
C. chloride
D. calcium
E. acetylcholine
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.03
Topic: Nervous System
- Tears are produced by
A.the tarsal glands.
B. the lacrimal glands.
C. the puncta lacrimalia.
D. the lateral canthi.
E. the lacrimal sac.
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- The fact that cone cells exhibit less neuronal convergence than rod cells do is part of the reason that
A.rod cells cannot distinguish different colors from each other.
B. rod cells do not function in bright light.
C. no images are perceived within the optic disc.
D. cone cells do not see in black and white.
E. cone cells are responsible for high resolution images, but require bright light to function.
Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- All receptors for _____ are confined to the head and are innervated cranial nerves.
A.the special senses
B. somesthetic senses
C. proprioception
D. exteroception
E. chemoreception
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.01
Topic: Nervous System
- Deep pressure and vibration are detected ______, which have onion-like layers of Schwann cells wrapped around sensory fibers.
A. Ruffini corpuscles
B. free nerve endings
C. tactile (Meissner) corpuscles
D. lamellar (pacinian) corpuscles
E. Krause end bulbs
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.01
Topic: Nervous System
- In what area does the sharpest, most detailed, daytime vision occur?
A.optic disc
B. ora serrata
C. macula lutea
D. fovea
E. periphery of the retina
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- What are nerve endings that respond to tissue injury or noxious stimulation that produce sensations of pain?
A.tactile corpuscles
B. free nerve endings
C. lamellated corpuscles
D. nociceptors
E. Merkel discs
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.01
Topic: Nervous System
- What is the condition where the eyeball is abnormally long so that light rays focus in front of the retina?
A.astigmatism
B. cataracts
C. presbyopia
D. hyperopia
E. myopia
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- What condition results from elevated pressure within the eyeball due to inadequate reabsorption of aqueous humor?
A.cataracts
B. glaucoma
C. astigmatism
D. macular degeneration
E. myopia
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.05
Topic: Nervous System
- During embryonic development, what structure does the optic stalk develop into?
A.the lens
B. the retina
C. the ganglion cells
D. the sclera
E. the optic nerve
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.05
Topic: Nervous System
- Embryologically, the _____ is homologous to the dura mater.
A.choroid
B. retina
C. sclera
D. lens
E. ciliary body
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.05
Topic: Nervous System
- The cochlear duct is filled with _____ and the scala vestibuli is filled with _____.
A.perilymph; endolymph
B. endolymph; endolymph
C. perilymph; perilymph
D. endolymph; perilymph
E. cerebrospinal fluid; perilymph
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.03
Topic: Nervous System
- What is the function of the saccule and utricle?
A.They perceive sound.
B. They detect angular acceleration.
C. They detect change in the rate of rotation.
D. They perceive static equilibrium.
E. They detect low-frequency vibrations.
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.03
Topic: Nervous System
- What structure is NOT part of the eyelid?
A.orbicularis oculi
B. tarsal plate
C. tarsal glands
D. eyelashes
E. lacrimal glands
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- Where do second-order neurons for hearing terminate?
A.the cochlear nerve
B. the cochlear nucleus of the medulla oblongata
C. the superior olivary nucleus of the pons
D. the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus
E. primary auditory cortex
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.03
Topic: Nervous System
- Tom lightly touches Jane’s back with two sharp pins but Jane only feels one sharp point. Why?
A.There is a high density of tactile nerve fibers on the back so she felt a sharp, discriminate pain.
B. Tactile receptors on the back have small receptive fields.
C. The back has fine two-point discrimination.
D. Tactile receptors on the back have large receptive fields.
E. Jane is an insensitive person.
Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 17.01
Topic: Nervous System
- Why do people who have a heart attack often experience pain radiating along the left shoulder and arm?
A.Signals from nociceptors in the heart diverge and stimulate pain sensations in a large region.
B. Signals from the cardiac and shoulder region converge and follow the same pathway to the cortex.
C. Nociceptors from the cardiac and shoulder regions all send afferent signals through the phrenic nerve.
D. Nociceptors from the cardiac and shoulder regions all send afferent signals through the vagus nerve.
E. Lack of blood to the left shoulder and arm result in ischemia and stimulates nociceptors in those regions.
Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 17.01
Topic: Nervous System
- Which of the following is NOT a receptor modality?
A.nociceptor
B. interoceptor
C. chemoreceptor
D. thermoreceptor
E. mechanoreceptor
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.01
Topic: Nervous System
- What is the primary function of the vitreous body?
A.It refracts light.
B. It maintains the round shape of the eyeball.
C. It provides attachment and support for the lens.
D. It absorbs scattered light rays.
E. It provides nourishment for the retina.
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- Why does untreated glaucoma cause blindness?
A.The lens darkens and accumulate debris.
B. Intraocular pressure increases and the vitreous body presses against the lens.
C. The choroid separates from the sclera.
D. The vitreous body presses against the retina and disrupts its blood supply.
E. Aqueous humor is not reabsorbed as quickly as it is produced.
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.05
Topic: Nervous System
- Why is otitis media more common in children than in adults?
A.Children are more frequently exposed to pathogens that cause ear infections.
B. Children have small openings in the tympanic membrane that allow introduction of bacteria.
C. Children have longer, more slanted auditory canals.
D. Children have shorter, more horizontal auditory tubes.
E. Children have smaller, more flexible middle ear bones.
Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 17.03
Topic: Nervous System
- Why do odors evoke strong emotional responses?
A.Some olfactory signals pass through the thalamus and are routed to the cingulate gyrus of the limbic system.
B. Olfactory tracts project to the cortex without synapsing at the thalamus.
C. Signals travel from the olfactory cortex to the orbitofrontal cortex which is involved in emotional memory.
D. Signals project from the olfactory cortex to the hippocampus, amygdala, and hypothalamus, all parts of the limbic system.
E. Fibers of the olfactory nerve synapse at the olfactory bulb, an important emotional center.
Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 17.02
Topic: Nervous System
- Which of the following is NOT true of taste cells?
A.They have microvilli called taste hairs that are receptors for taste molecules.
B. They are epithelial cells.
C. They live for 7 to 10 days.
D. They are located primarily on vallate and foliate papillae.
E. They have nerve fibers that carry taste signals to the medulla oblongata.
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.02
Topic: Nervous System
- Where, specifically, do auditory nerve signals originate?
A.basilar membrane
B. spiral organ (organ of Corti)
C. modiolus
D. cochlea
E. spiral ganglion
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.03
Topic: Nervous System
Fill in the Blank Questions
- Receptors for pain called _____ respond to tissue damage.
nociceptors
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.01
Topic: Nervous System
- Receptors classified as ____ respond to heat and cold.
thermoreceptors
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.01
Topic: Nervous System
- Unencapsulated receptors for light touch and pressure on the skin are called ___ ____.
tactile (Merkel) discs
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.01
Topic: Nervous System
- ___ ___ is a serous fluid found in the posterior chamber of the eye.
Aqueous humor
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- The ____ are photoreceptors responsible for color vision.
cones
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- The ___ cells are the second-order neurons of the visual pathway whose axons from the optic nerve.
ganglion
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- ____ are calcium-carbonate and protein granules in the inner ear that enhance the sense of gravity and motion.
Otoliths
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.03
Topic: Nervous System
- An X-shaped structure inferior to the hypothalamus called the ____ ____ is the point where some fibers from the right eye cross over to the left brain.
optic chiasm
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- The first-order neurons of the visual pathway are the ___ cells of the retina.
bipolar
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- The ___ are photoreceptors responsible for night vision.
rods
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- Receptors for position and movement of the body classified as ____ are located in muscles, joints, and tendons.
proprioceptors
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.01
Topic: Nervous System
- The area monitored a single sensory neuron is called the ___ ____.
receptive field
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.01
Topic: Nervous System
- Olfactory axons pass through the bony ____ ____ on their way to the olfactory bulb.
cribriform plate
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.02
Topic: Nervous System
- The only sense in which signals pass directly to the cortex without first passing through the thalamus is ____.
olfaction (smell)
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.02
Topic: Nervous System
- The ____ is a transparent mucous membrane that covers inner surface of the eyelid and anterior eyeball except the cornea.
conjunctiva
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- A _____ develops when the lens darkens and accumulates debris.
cataract
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- The ___ is the outermost, fibrous, white layer of the eyeball.
sclera
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- The darkly pigmented, highly vascular layer of the eyeball that lies behind the retina is the ____.
choroid
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- The ___ ____ is a jelly-like substance that fills the space posterior to the lens and helps to maintain the shape of the eyeball.
vitreous body
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
- The ___ ___ contains no receptor cells for vision and produces a blind spot in the visual field of each eye.
optic disc
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 17.04
Topic: Nervous System
