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Introductory Chemistry Concepts and Critical Thinking 6th Edition Corwin Test Bank
ISBN-13: | 9780321663054 |
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Chapter 15. Acids and Bases
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) What is the term for a substance that changes color according to the pH of the solution?
A) acid-base indicator
B) amphiprotic
C) Arrhenius acid
D) Brønsted-Lowry acid
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Topic: Key Terms
2) What is the term for a substance that acts as a proton donor in one reaction and as a proton acceptor in
another?
A) amphiprotic
B) buffer
C) salt
D) zwitterion
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Topic: Key Terms
3) What is the term for a substance that releases hydrogen ions in water?
A) Arrhenius acid
B) Arrhenius base
C) Brønsted-Lowry acid
D) Brønsted-Lowry base
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Topic: Key Terms
4) What is the term for a substance that releases hydroxide ions in water?
A) Arrhenius acid
B) Arrhenius base
C) Brønsted-Lowry acid
D) Brønsted-Lowry base
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: Key Terms
5) What is the term for a substance that donates a proton in an acid-base reaction?
A) Arrhenius acid
B) Arrhenius base
C) Brønsted-Lowry acid
D) Brønsted-Lowry base
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Topic: Key Terms
1
6) What is the term for a substance that accepts a proton in an acid-base reaction?
A) Arrhenius acid
B) Arrhenius base
C) Brønsted-Lowry acid
D) Brønsted-Lowry base
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Topic: Key Terms
7) What is the term for a solution that resists changes in pH when an acid or a base is added?
A) amphiprotic
B) buffer
C) salt
D) zwitterion
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: Key Terms
8) What is the term for the process of an ionic compound dissolving in water and separating into positive and
negative ions?
A) dissociation
B) hydration
C) ionization
D) solvation
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Topic: Key Terms
9) What is the term for the stage in an acid-base titration when the indicator changes color?
A) color point
B) endpoint
C) indicator point
D) stoichiometric point
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: Key Terms
10) A hydronium ion is a hydrogen ion bonded to which of the following?
A) hydrogen atom
B) hydroxide ion
C) hydrogen molecule
D) water molecule
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Topic: Key Terms
2
11) What is the term for the process of a polar molecular compound dissolving in water and forming positive and
negative ions?
A) dissociation
B) hydration
C) ionization
D) solvation
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Topic: Key Terms
12) What is the term for the product of the molar hydrogen ion concentration times the molar hydroxide ion
concentration in water?
A) autoionization constant of water, Ka
B) dissociation constant of water, Kd
C) ionization constant of water, Kw
D) solubility constant of water, Ksp
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Topic: Key Terms
13) What is the term for a chemical equation that portrays an ionic reaction after spectator ions have been
canceled?
A) dissociation equation
B) ionization equation
C) net ionic equation
D) total ionic equation
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Topic: Key Terms
14) Which of the following expresses the molar concentration of the hydrogen ion on an exponential scale?
A) aH
B) bH
C) eH
D) pH
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Topic: Key Terms
15) What is the term used as a synonym for hydrogen ion donor?
A) amphiprotic
B) Arrhenius base
C) Brønsted-Lowry base
D) proton donor
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Topic: Key Terms
3
16) What is the term used as a synonym for hydrogen ion acceptor?
A) amphiprotic
B) Arrhenius acid
C) Brønsted-Lowry acid
D) proton acceptor
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Topic: Key Terms
17) What is the term for the product of an acid-base reaction in addition to water?
A) amphiprotic
B) buffer
C) salt
D) zwitterion
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Topic: Key Terms
18) What is the term for ions that are in aqueous solution, but do not participate in a reaction and do not appear in
the net ionic equation?
A) amphiprotic ions
B) buffer ions
C) spectator ions
D) zwitterions
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Topic: Key Terms
19) What is the term for a solution whose concentration has been established accurately, usually to three or four
significant digits?
A) normal solution
B) reference solution
C) standard solution
D) stock solution
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Topic: Key Terms
20) What is the term for a solution that is a good conductor of electricity?
A) aqueous electrolyte
B) nonelectrolyte
C) strong electrolyte
D) weak electrolyte
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Topic: Key Terms
4
21) What is the term for the laboratory procedure of delivering a measured volume of solution through a buret?
A) conditioning
B) standardizing
C) transferring
D) titration
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Topic: Key Terms
22) What is the term for a chemical equation that shows highly ionized substances in the ionic form and slightly
ionized substances in the nonionized form?
A) dissociation equation
B) ionization equation
C) net ionic equation
D) total ionic equation
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Topic: Key Terms
23) What is the term for a solution that is a poor conductor of electricity?
A) aqueous electrolyte
B) nonelectrolyte
C) strong electrolyte
D) weak electrolyte
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Topic: Key Terms
24) Which of the following is a general property of an acidic solution?
A) tastes sour
B) turns litmus paper red
C) pH less than 7
D) neutralizes bases
E) all of the above
Answer: E
Topic: 15.1 Properties of Acids and Bases
25) Which of the following is a general property of an acidic solution?
A) tastes sour
B) feels slippery
C) turns litmus paper blue
D) pH greater than 7
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Topic: 15.1 Properties of Acids and Bases
5
26) Which of the following is a general property of an acidic solution?
A) tastes bitter
B) feels slippery
C) turns litmus paper blue
D) neutralizes acids
E) none of the above
Answer: E
Topic: 15.1 Properties of Acids and Bases
27) Which of the following is a general property of a basic solution?
A) tastes bitter
B) feels slippery
C) turns litmus paper blue
D) neutralizes acids
E) all of the above
Answer: E
Topic: 15.1 Properties of Acids and Bases
28) Which of the following is a general property of a basic solution?
A) tastes sour
B) feels slippery
C) turns litmus paper red
D) pH less than 7
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: 15.1 Properties of Acids and Bases
29) Which of the following is a general property of a basic solution?
A) tastes sour
B) turns litmus paper red
C) pH less than 7
D) neutralizes bases
E) none of the above
Answer: E
Topic: 15.1 Properties of Acids and Bases
30) If stomach digestive juice has a pH of 1, the solution is which of the following?
A) strongly acidic
B) weakly acidic
C) neutral
D) weakly basic
E) strongly basic
Answer: A
Topic: 15.1 Properties of Acids and Bases
6
31) If a vinegar sample has a pH of 5, the solution is which of the following?
A) strongly acidic
B) weakly acidic
C) neutral
D) weakly basic
E) strongly basic
Answer: B
Topic: 15.1 Properties of Acids and Bases
32) If a saliva specimen has a pH of 7, the solution is which of the following?
A) strongly acidic
B) weakly acidic
C) neutral
D) weakly basic
E) strongly basic
Answer: C
Topic: 15.1 Properties of Acids and Bases
33) If milk of magnesia has a pH of 10, the solution is which of the following?
A) strongly acidic
B) weakly acidic
C) neutral
D) weakly basic
E) strongly basic
Answer: D
Topic: 15.1 Properties of Acids and Bases
34) If a drain cleaner has a pH of 14, the solution is which of the following?
A) strongly acidic
B) weakly acidic
C) neutral
D) weakly basic
E) strongly basic
Answer: E
Topic: 15.1 Properties of Acids and Bases
35) Which of the following is an example of an Arrhenius acid?
A) HCl(aq)
B) HNO3(aq)
C) H2SO4(aq)
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Topic: 15.2 Arrhenius Acids and Bases
7
36) Which of the following is an example of an Arrhenius acid?
A) NH4C2H3O2(aq)
B) HC2H3O2(aq)
C) KC2H3O2(aq)
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: 15.2 Arrhenius Acids and Bases
37) Which of the following is an example of an Arrhenius acid?
A) Al(OH)3(s)
B) Ba(OH)2(aq)
C) RbOH(aq)
D) H2O(l)
E) none of the above
Answer: E
Topic: 15.2 Arrhenius Acids and Bases
38) Which of the following is a strong Arrhenius acid?
A) HCl(aq)
(~ 100% ionized)
(~ 100% ionized)
B) H2SO4(aq)
(~ 100% ionized)
C) HNO3(aq)
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Topic: 15.2 Arrhenius Acids and Bases
39) Which of the following is a weak Arrhenius acid?
A) HCl(aq)
(~ 100% ionized)
(~ 100% ionized)
B) HNO3(aq)
(~ 1% ionized)
C) HC2H3O2(aq)
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Topic: 15.2 Arrhenius Acids and Bases
40) Which of the following is a strong Arrhenius acid?
A) HNO2(aq)
(~ 1% ionized)
(~ 1% ionized)
B) H2SO3(aq)
(~ 1% ionized)
C) H3PO4(aq)
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: E
Topic: 15.2 Arrhenius Acids and Bases
8
41) Which of the following is an example of an Arrhenius base?
A) NaOH(aq)
B) Ca(OH)2(aq)
C) Al(OH)3(s)
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Topic: 15.2 Arrhenius Acids and Bases
42) Which of the following is an example of an Arrhenius base?
A) KCl(aq)
B) KOH(aq)
C) KNO3(aq)
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: 15.2 Arrhenius Acids and Bases
43) Which of the following is an example of an Arrhenius base?
A) HNO3(aq)
B) H2CO3(aq)
C) H3PO4(aq)
D) H2O(l)
E) none of the above
Answer: E
Topic: 15.2 Arrhenius Acids and Bases
44) Which of the following is a strong Arrhenius base?
A) LiOH(aq)
(~ 100% ionized)
B) NaOH(aq)
(~ 100% ionized)
C) KOH(aq)
(~ 100% ionized)
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Topic: 15.2 Arrhenius Acids and Bases
45) Which of the following is a weak Arrhenius base?
(~ 1% ionized)
A) NH4OH(aq)
B) KOH(aq)
(~ 100% ionized)
C) LiOH(aq)
(~ 100% ionized)
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Topic: 15.2 Arrhenius Acids and Bases
9
46) Which of the following is a weak Arrhenius base?
A) Ba(OH)2(aq)
(~ 100% ionized)
(~ 100% ionized)
B) Ca(OH)2(aq)
(~ 100% ionized)
C) Sr(OH)2(aq)
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: E
Topic: 15.2 Arrhenius Acids and Bases
47) What acid and base are neutralized to give sodium bromide salt?
A) HCl(aq) and NaOH(aq)
B) HBr(aq) and NaOH(aq)
C) HBr(aq) and NaBr(aq)
D) HOH(aq) and NaBr(aq)
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: 15.2 Arrhenius Acids and Bases
48) What acid and base are neutralized to give lithium fluoride salt?
A) HCl(aq) and LiOH(aq)
B) HF(aq) and LiOH(aq)
C) HF(aq) and LiF(aq)
D) HOH(aq) and LiF(aq)
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: 15.2 Arrhenius Acids and Bases
49) What acid and base are neutralized to give potassium nitrate salt?
A) HCl(aq) and KOH(aq)
B) HNO3(aq) and KOH(aq)
C) HNO3(aq) and KNO3(aq)
D) HOH(aq) and KNO3(aq)
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: 15.2 Arrhenius Acids and Bases
50) In the following reaction, which reactant is a Brønsted-Lowry acid?
HCl(aq) + KHS(aq) →
KCl(aq) + H2S(aq)
A) HCl
B) KHS
C) KCl
D) H2S
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Topic: 15.3 Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
10
51) In the following reaction, which reactant is a Brønsted-Lowry base?
HCl(aq) + KHS(aq) →
KCl(aq) + H2S(aq)
A) HCl
B) KHS
C) KCl
D) H2S
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: 15.3 Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
52) In the following reaction, which reactant is a Brønsted-Lowry acid?
H2CO3(aq) + Na2HPO4(aq) → NaHCO3(aq) + NaH2PO4(aq)
A) H2CO3
B) Na2HPO4
C) NaH2PO4
D) NaHCO3
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Topic: 15.3 Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
53) In the following reaction, which reactant is a Brønsted-Lowry base?
H2CO3(aq) + Na2HPO4(aq) → NaHCO3(aq) + NaH2PO4(aq)
A) H2CO3
B) Na2HPO4
C) NaH2PO4
D) NaHCO3
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: 15.3 Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
54) In the following reaction, which reactant is a Brønsted-Lowry acid?
NaHS(aq) + HCN(aq) → NaCN(aq) + H2S(aq)
A) NaHS
B) HCN
C) NaCN
D) H2S
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: 15.3 Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
11
55) In the following reaction, which reactant is a Brønsted-Lowry base?
NaHS(aq) + HCN(aq) → NaCN(aq) + H2S(aq)
A) NaHS
B) HCN
C) NaCN
D) H2S
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Topic: 15.3 Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
56) In the following reaction, which reactant is a Brønsted-Lowry acid?
KC2H3O2(aq) + HCN(aq) → HC2H3O2(aq) + KCN(aq)
A) KC2H3O2
B) HCN
C) HC2H3O2
D) KCN
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: 15.3 Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
57) In the following reaction, which reactant is a Brønsted-Lowry base?
KC2H3O2(aq) + HCN(aq) → HC2H3O2(aq) + KCN(aq)
A) KC2H3O2
B) HCN
C) HC2H3O2
D) KCN
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Topic: 15.3 Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
58) In the following reaction, which reactant is a Brønsted-Lowry acid?
NaHCO3(aq) + NaH2PO4(aq) → Na2HPO4(aq) + H2CO3(aq)
A) NaHCO3
B) NaH2PO4
C) Na2HPO4
D) H2CO3
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: 15.3 Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
12
59) In the following reaction, which reactant is a Brønsted-Lowry base?
NaHCO3(aq) + NaH2PO4(aq) → Na2HPO4(aq) + H2CO3(aq)
A) NaHCO3
B) NaH2PO4
C) Na2HPO4
D) H2CO3
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Topic: 15.3 Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
60) In the following reaction, which reactant is a Brønsted-Lowry acid?
Na2HPO4(aq) + H2CO3(aq) → NaH2PO4(aq) + NaHCO3(aq)
A) Na2HPO4
B) H2CO3
C) NaH2PO4
D) NaHCO3
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: 15.3 Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
61) In the following reaction, which reactant is a Brønsted-Lowry base?
Na2HPO4(aq) + H2CO3(aq) → NaH2PO4(aq) + NaHCO3(aq)
A) Na2HPO4
B) H2CO3
C) NaH2PO4
D) NaHCO3
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Topic: 15.3 Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
62) Which of the following indicators is red in an acidic solution and yellow in a basic solution?
A) methyl red
B) bromthymol blue
C) phenolphthalein
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Topic: 15.4 Acid-Base Indicators
13
63) Which of the following indicators is yellow in an acidic solution and blue in a basic solution?
A) methyl red
B) bromthymol blue
C) phenolphthalein
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: 15.4 Acid-Base Indicators
64) Which of the following indicators is colorless in an acidic solution and pink in a basic solution?
A) methyl red
B) bromthymol blue
C) phenolphthalein
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Topic: 15.4 Acid-Base Indicators
65) Which of the following indicators is orange at pH 5?
A) methyl red
B) bromthymol blue
C) phenolphthalein
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Topic: 15.4 Acid-Base Indicators
66) Which of the following indicators is green at pH 7?
A) methyl red
B) bromthymol blue
C) phenolphthalein
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: 15.4 Acid-Base Indicators
67) Which of the following indicators is pink at pH 9?
A) methyl red
B) bromthymol blue
C) phenolphthalein
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Topic: 15.4 Acid-Base Indicators
14
68) What is the color of phenolphthalein indicator at pH 7?
A) red
B) blue
C) pink
D) colorless
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Topic: 15.4 Acid-Base Indicators
69) What is the color of phenolphthalein indicator at pH 10?
A) red
B) blue
C) pink
D) colorless
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Topic: 15.4 Acid-Base Indicators
70) What is the color of phenolphthalein indicator in pure water?
A) red
B) blue
C) pink
D) colorless
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Topic: 15.4 Acid-Base Indicators
71) If 10.0 mL of 0.100 M HCl is titrated with 0.200 M NaOH, what volume of sodium hydroxide solution is
required to neutralize the acid?
HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) →
NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)
A) 5.00 mL
B) 10.0 mL
C) 20.0 mL
D) 40.0 mL
E) 80.0 mL
Answer: A
Topic: 15.5 Acid-Base Titrations
72) If 20.0 mL of 0.500 M KOH is titrated with 0.250 M HNO3, what volume of nitric acid is required to neutralize
the base?
HNO3(aq) + KOH(aq) → KNO3(aq) + H2O(l)
A) 10.0 mL
B) 20.0 mL
C) 25.0 mL
D) 40.0 mL
E) 50.0 mL
Answer: D
Topic: 15.5 Acid-Base Titrations
15
73) If 25.0 mL of 0.100 M HCl is titrated with 0.150 M Ba(OH)2, what volume of barium hydroxide is required to
neutralize the acid?
2 HCl(aq) + Ba(OH)2(aq) →
BaCl2(aq) + 2 H2O(l)
A) 8.33 mL
B) 16.7 mL
C) 18.8 mL
D) 33.3 mL
E) 37.5 mL
Answer: A
Topic: 15.5 Acid-Base Titrations
74) If 25.0 mL of 0.100 M Ca(OH)2 is titrated with 0.200 M HNO3, what volume of nitric acid is required to
neutralize the base?
2 HNO3(aq) + Ca(OH)2(aq) →
2 Ca(NO3)2(aq) + 2 H2O(l)
A) 12.5 mL
B) 20.0 mL
C) 25.0 mL
D) 40.0 mL
E) 50.0 mL
Answer: C
Topic: 15.5 Acid-Base Titrations
75) If 20.0 mL of 0.200 M H2SO4 is titrated with 0.100 M NaOH, what volume of sodium hydroxide is required to
neutralize the acid?
H2SO4(aq) + 2 NaOH(aq) → Na2SO4(aq) + 2 H2O(l)
A) 10.0 mL
B) 20.0 mL
C) 40.0 mL
D) 60.0 mL
E) 80.0 mL
Answer: E
Topic: 15.5 Acid-Base Titrations
76) If 30.0 mL of 0.100 M Ca(OH)2 is titrated with 0.150 M HC2H3O2, what volume of acetic acid is required to
neutralize the base?
2 HC2H3O2(aq) + Ca(OH)2(aq) → Ca(C2H3O2)2(aq) + 2 H2O(l)
A) 10.0 mL
B) 22.5 mL
C) 20.0 mL
D) 40.0 mL
E) 45.0 mL
Answer: D
Topic: 15.5 Acid-Base Titrations
77) If a 50.0 mL sample of ammonium hydroxide is titrated with 25.0 mL of 0.200 M nitric acid to a methyl red
endpoint, what is the molarity of the base?
NH4OH(aq) + HNO3(aq) → NH4NO3(aq) + H2O(l)
A) 0.100 M
B) 0.150 M
C) 0.200 M
D) 0.300 M
E) 0.400 M
Answer: A
Topic: 15.5 Acid-Base Titrations
16
78) If a 50.0 mL sample of ammonium hydroxide is titrated with 25.0 mL of 0.200 M sulfuric acid to a methyl red
endpoint, what is the molarity of the base?
2 NH4OH(aq) + H2SO4(aq) → (NH4)2SO4(aq) + 2 H2O(l)
A) 0.100 M
B) 0.150 M
C) 0.200 M
D) 0.300 M
E) 0.400 M
Answer: C
Topic: 15.5 Acid-Base Titrations
79) If a 25.0 mL sample of sulfuric acid is titrated with 50.0 mL of 0.200 M potassium hydroxide to a
phenolphthalein endpoint, what is the molarity of the acid?
H2SO4(aq) + 2 KOH(aq) → K2SO4(aq) + 2 H2O(l)
A) 0.100 M
B) 0.150 M
C) 0.200 M
D) 0.300 M
E) 0.400 M
Answer: C
Topic: 15.5 Acid-Base Titrations
80) An acetic acid solution is 6.00 M and has a density of 1.04 g/mL. What is the mass/mass percent concentration
of HC2H3O2 (60.06 g/mol)?
A) 0.347%
B) 0.375%
C) 34.7%
D) 36.0%
E) 37.5%
Answer: C
Topic: 15.5 Acid-Base Titrations
81) An ammonia solution is 6.00 M and the density is 0.950 g/mL. What is the mass/mass percent concentration of
NH3 (17.04 g/mol)?
A) 0.0971%
B) 0.108%
C) 9.71%
D) 10.2%
E) 10.8%
Answer: E
Topic: 15.5 Acid-Base Titrations
82) A hydrochloric acid solution is 6.00 M and the density is 1.10 g/mL. What is the mass/mass percent
concentration of HCl (36.46 g/mol)?
A) 0.199%
B) 0.241%
C) 19.9%
D) 21.9%
E) 24.1%
Answer: C
Topic: 15.5 Acid-Base Titrations
83) What is the molarity of a hydrochloric acid solution if 20.00 mL of HCl is required to neutralize 0.424 g of
sodium carbonate (105.99 g/mol)?
2 HCl(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) →
2 NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
A) 0.100 M
B) 0.200 M
C) 0.300 M
D) 0.400 M
E) 0.500 M
Answer: D
Topic: 15.6 Acid-Base Standardization
17
84) What is the molarity of a sulfuric acid solution if 30.00 mL of H2SO4 is required to neutralize 0.840 g of sodium
hydrogen carbonate (84.01 g/mol)?
H2SO4(aq) + 2 NaHCO3(aq) → Na2SO4(aq) + 2 H2O(l) + 2 CO2(g)
A) 0.167 M
B) 0.300 M
C) 0.333 M
D) 0.500 M
E) 0.667 M
Answer: A
Topic: 15.6 Acid-Base Standardization
85) What is the molarity of a nitric acid solution if 25.00 mL of HNO 3 is required to neutralize 0.500 g of calcium
carbonate (100.09 g/mol)?
2 HNO3(aq) + CaCO3(s) →
Ca(NO3)2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
A) 0.200 M
B) 0.250 M
C) 0.400 M
D) 0.500 M
E) 0.800 M
Answer: C
Topic: 15.6 Acid-Base Standardization
86) What is the molarity of a acetic acid solution if 25.00 mL of HC2H3O2 is required to neutralize 0.424 g of
sodium carbonate (105.99 g/mol)?
2 HC2H3O2(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) →
2 NaC2H3O2 (aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
A) 0.0800 M
B) 0.100 M
C) 0.160 M
D) 0.200 M
E) 0.320 M
Answer: E
Topic: 15.6 Acid-Base Standardization
87) What is the molarity of a sodium hydroxide solution if 35.00 mL of NaOH is required to neutralize 1.555 g of
KHP, that is KHC8H4O4 (204.23 g/mol)?
KHC8H4O4(aq) + NaOH(aq) → KNaC8H4O4(aq) + H2O(l)
A) 0.109 M
B) 0.218 M
C) 0.267 M
D) 0.435 M
E) 3.75 M
Answer: B
Topic: 15.6 Acid-Base Standardization
88) What is the molarity of a sodium hydroxide solution if 40.00 mL of NaOH is required to neutralize 0.900 g of
oxalic acid, H2C2O4, (90.04 g/mol)?
H2C2O4(aq) + 2 NaOH(aq) → Na2C2O4(aq) + 2 H2O(l)
A) 0.125 M
B) 0.250 M
C) 0.400 M
D) 0.500 M
E) 0.800 M
Answer: D
Topic: 15.6 Acid-Base Standardization
18
89) If 1.020 g of KHC8H4O4 (204.23 g/mol) is completely neutralized with 0.200 M KOH, what volume of
potassium hydroxide is required?
KHC8H4O4(aq) + KOH(aq) → K2C8H4O4(aq) + 2 H2O(l)
A) 12.5 mL
B) 20.0 mL
C) 25.0 mL
D) 40.0 mL
E) 50.0 mL
Answer: C
Topic: 15.6 Acid-Base Standardization
90) If 0.900 g of oxalic acid, H2C2O4, (90.04 g/mol) is completely neutralized with 0.500 M LiOH, what volume of
lithium hydroxide is required?
H2C2O4(aq) + 2 LiOH(aq) →
Li2C2O4(aq) + 2 H2O(l)
A) 10.0 mL
B) 15.0 mL
C) 20.0 mL
D) 30.0 mL
E) 40.0 mL
Answer: E
Topic: 15.6 Acid-Base Standardization
91) If 1.020 g of KHC8H4O4 (204.23 g/mol) is completely neutralized with 0.200 M KOH, what volume of
potassium hydroxide is required?
KHC8H4O4(aq) + KOH(aq) → K2C8H4O4(aq) + 2 H2O(l)
A) 12.5 mL
B) 20.0 mL
C) 25.0 mL
D) 40.0 mL
E) 50.0 mL
Answer: C
Topic: 15.6 Acid-Base Standardization
92) Glycine is an amino acid that can be abbreviated HGly. If 27.50 mL of 0.120 M NaOH neutralizes 0.248 g of
HGly, what is the molar mass of the amino acid?
HGly(aq) + NaOH(aq) →
NaGly(aq) + H2O(l)
A) 26.6 g/mol
B) 37.6 g/mol
C) 56.8 g/mol
D) 75.2 g/mol
E) 151 g/mol
Answer: D
Topic: 15.6 Acid-Base Standardization
93) Proline is an amino acid that can be abbreviated HPro. If 33.55 mL of 0.150 M NaOH neutralizes 0.579 g of
HPro, what is the molar mass of the amino acid?
HPro(aq) + NaOH(aq) →
NaPro(aq) + H2O(l)
A) 8.69 g/mol
B) 86.9 g/mol
C) 115 g/mol
D) 291 g/mol
E) 772 g/mol
Answer: C
Topic: 15.6 Acid-Base Standardization
19
94) Lactic acid is found in sour milk and can be abbreviated HLac. If 47.50 mL of 0.275 M NaOH neutralizes 1.180
g of HLac, what is the molar mass of the acid?
HLac(aq) + NaOH(aq) →
NaLac(aq) + H2O(l)
A) 45.1 g/mol
B) 90.3 g/mol
C) 111 g/mol
D) 181 g/mol
E) 204 g/mol
Answer: B
Topic: 15.6 Acid-Base Standardization
95) Which of the following reactions represents the ionization of water?
A) H2O + H2O
→
2 H2 + O2
B) H2O + H2O
→ H3O
+ + OH
–
C) H2O + H3O
+ → H3O
+ + H2O
D) H3O
+ + OH
→
H2O + H2O
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: 15.7 Ionization of Water
96) Which of the following is the ionization constant expression for water?
A) Kw = [ H
+ ] [ OH
]
B)
Kw = [ H2O ] [ H2O ]
C) Kw = [ H2O ] / [ H
+ ] [ OH
]
D)
Kw = [ H
+ ] [ OH
] / [ H2O ]
E)
none of the above
Answer: A
Topic: 15.7 Ionization of Water
97) Which of the following explains why distilled water is neutral?
A) Distilled water has no ions.
B) Distilled water has no hydrogen ions.
C) Distilled water has equal concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxide ions.
D) Distilled water does not react with acids.
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Topic: 15.7 Ionization of Water
98) Given an aqueous solution in which the [ H
+ ] = 2.0 × 10
-5, what is the molar hydroxide ion concentration?
A) [ OH
] = 2.0 × 10
-9 M
B)
[ OH
] = 2.0 × 10
-10 M
C)
[ OH
] = 5.0 × 10
-8 M
D)
[ OH
] = 5.0 × 10
-9 M
E)
[ OH
] = 5.0 × 10
-10 M
Answer:
E
Topic: 15.7 Ionization of Water
20
99) Given an aqueous solution in which the [ H
+ ] = 5.0 × 10
-3, what is the molar hydroxide ion concentration?
A) [ OH
] = 2.0 × 10
-10 M
B)
[ OH
] = 2.0 × 10
-11 M
C)
[ OH
] = 2.0 × 10
-12 M
D)
[ OH
] = 5.0 × 10
-11 M
E)
[ OH
] = 5.0 × 10
-12 M
Answer: C
Topic: 15.7 Ionization of Water
100) Given an aqueous solution in which the [ H
+ ] = 2.5 × 10
-7, what is the molar hydroxide ion concentration?
A) [ OH
] = 2.5 × 10
-7 M
B)
[ OH
] = 2.5 × 10
-8 M
C)
[ OH
] = 4.0 × 10
-6 M
D)
[ OH
] = 4.0 × 10
-7 M
E)
[ OH
] = 4.0 × 10
-8 M
Answer: E
Topic: 15.7 Ionization of Water
101) What is the pH of an aqueous solution if the [ H
+ ] = 0.1 M?
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 10
E) 13
Answer: B
Topic: 15.8 The pH Concept
102) What is the pH of an aqueous solution if the [ H
+ ] = 0.001 M?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 10
E) 11
Answer: C
Topic: 15.8 The pH Concept
103) What is the pH of an aqueous solution if the [ H
+ ] = 0.000 001 M?
A) 1
B) 5
C) 6
D) 8
E) 10
Answer: C
Topic: 15.8 The pH Concept
104) What is the hydrogen ion concentration in stomach acid that registers a pH of 2 on a strip of pH paper?
A) 0.02 M
B) 0.01 M
C) 0.2 M
D) 0.1 M
E) 2 M
Answer: B
Topic: 15.8 The pH Concept
105) What is the hydrogen ion concentration in a urine specimen that registers a pH of 4 on a strip of pH paper?
A) 0.4 M
B) 0.001 M
C) 0.004 M
D) 0.0001 M
E) 0.0004 M
Answer: D
Topic: 15.8 The pH Concept
21
106) What is the hydrogen ion concentration in a saliva specimen that registers a pH of 6 on a strip of pH paper?
A) 0.6 M
B) 0.000 01 M
C) 0.000 06 M
D) 0.000 001 M
E) 0.000 006 M
Answer: D
Topic: 15.8 The pH Concept
107) What is the pH of an aqueous solution if the [ H
+ ] = 0.055 M?
A) 0.74
B) 1.26
C) 1.74
D) 2.26
E) 11.74
Answer: B
Topic: 15.9 Advanced pH Calculations
108) What is the pH of an aqueous solution if the [ H
+ ] = 0.000 042 M?
A) 0.62
B) 4.38
C) 4.62
D) 5.38
E) 9.62
Answer: B
Topic: 15.9 Advanced pH Calculations
109) What is the pH of an aqueous solution if the [ H
+ ] = 0.000 000 075 M?
A) 0.88
B) 6.12
C) 6.88
D) 7.12
E) 8.88
Answer: D
Topic: 15.9 Advanced pH Calculations
110) What is the [ H
+ ] in an acid rain sample that registers 3.22 using a pH meter?
A) 0.51 M
B) 0.017 M
C) 0.0017 M
D) 0.000 17 M
E) 0.000 60 M
Answer: E
Topic: 15.9 Advanced pH Calculations
111) What is the [ H
+ ] in a blood sample that registers 7.30 using a pH meter?
A) 0.86 M
B) 0.000 020 M
C) 0.000 000 50 M
D) 0.000 000 020 M
E) 0.000 000 050 M
Answer: E
Topic: 15.9 Advanced pH Calculations
112) What is the [ H
+ ] in a bleach sample that registers 9.55 using a pH meter?
A) 0.98 M
B) 0.000 000 002 8 M
C) 0.000 000 003 5 M
D) 0.000 000 000 28 M
E) 0.000 000 000 35 M
Answer: D
Topic: 15.9 Advanced pH Calculations
22
113) What is the [ OH
] in a seawater sample if the pH is 8.65?
A) 0.22 M
B) 5.35 M
C) 0.000 004 5 M
D) 0.000 000 002 2 M
E) 0.000 000 004 5 M
Answer: C
Topic: 15.9 Advanced pH Calculations
114) What is the [ OH
] in an ammonia solution if the pH is 10.20?
A) 0.63 M
B) 3.80 M
C) 0.000 16 M
D) 0.000 000 000 16 M
E) 0.000 000 000 063 M
Answer: C
Topic: 15.9 Advanced pH Calculations
115) What is the [ OH
] in an oven-cleaning solution if the pH is 12.35?
A) 0.45 M
B) 1.65 M
C) 0.022 M
D) 0.000 000 000 002 2 M
E) 0.000 000 000 000 45 M
Answer: C
Topic: 15.9 Advanced pH Calculations
116) If a light bulb in a conductivity apparatus glows brightly when testing a solution, which of the following must
be true?
A) The solution is highly ionized.
B) The solution is slightly ionized.
C) The solution is highly reactive.
D) The solution is slightly reactive.
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Topic: 15.10 Strong and Weak Electrolytes
117) If a light bulb in a conductivity apparatus glows dimly when testing a solution, which of the following must be
true?
A) The solution is highly ionized.
B) The solution is slightly ionized.
C) The solution is highly reactive.
D) The solution is slightly reactive.
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: 15.10 Strong and Weak Electrolytes
23
118) If an unknown solution is a good conductor of electricity, which of the following must be true?
A) The solution is highly ionized.
B) The solution is slightly ionized.
C) The solution is highly reactive.
D) The solution is slightly reactive.
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Topic: 15.10 Strong and Weak Electrolytes
119) If an unknown solution is a poor conductor of electricity, which of the following must be true?
A) The solution is highly ionized.
B) The solution is slightly ionized.
C) The solution is highly reactive.
D) The solution is slightly reactive.
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: 15.10 Strong and Weak Electrolytes
120) If a battery acid solution is a strong electrolyte, which of the following must be true?
A) Battery acid is highly reactive.
B) Battery acid is slightly reactive.
C) Battery acid is highly ionized.
D) Battery acid is slightly ionized.
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Topic: 15.10 Strong and Weak Electrolytes
121) If a drain cleaner solution is a strong electrolyte, which of the following must be true?
A) Drain cleaner is highly reactive.
B) Drain cleaner is slightly reactive.
C) Drain cleaner is highly ionized.
D) Drain cleaner is slightly ionized.
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Topic: 15.10 Strong and Weak Electrolytes
122) Which of the following aqueous solutions is highly ionized?
A) strong acid
B) strong base
C) soluble salt
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Topic: 15.10 Strong and Weak Electrolytes
24
123) Which of the following aqueous solutions is slightly ionized?
A) weak acid
B) weak base
C) very slightly soluble salt
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Topic: 15.10 Strong and Weak Electrolytes
124) Which of the following in aqueous solution is a strong electrolyte?
A) H3PO4(aq)
B) KOH(aq)
C) PbCl2(s)
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: 15.10 Strong and Weak Electrolytes
125) Which of the following in aqueous solution is a weak electrolyte?
A) H2CO3(aq)
B) LiOH(aq)
C) NH4Cl(aq)
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Topic: 15.10 Strong and Weak Electrolytes
126) Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid and acetic acid is a weak acid. Which of the following correctly portrays
aqueous solutions of the two acids?
A) HCl(aq) and HC2H3O2(aq)
B) H
+(aq) + Cl
(aq) and HC2H3O2(aq)
C) HCl(aq) and H
+(aq) + C2H3O2
(aq)
D) H
+(aq) + Cl
(aq) and H
+(aq) + C2H3O2
(aq)
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: 15.10 Strong and Weak Electrolytes
127) Sodium hydroxide is a strong base and ammonium hydroxide is a weak base. Which of the following correctly
portrays aqueous solutions of the two bases?
A) NaOH(aq) and NH4OH(aq)
B) Na
+(aq) + OH
(aq) and NH4OH(aq)
+(aq) + OH
(aq)
C) NaOH(aq) and NH4
D) Na
+(aq) + OH
(aq) and NH4
+(aq) + OH
(aq)
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: 15.10 Strong and Weak Electrolytes
25
128) Lithium nitrate is a soluble salt and silver iodide is a very slightly soluble salt. Which of the following correctly
portrays aqueous solutions of the two salts?
A) LiNO3(aq) and AgI(s)
B) Li
+(aq) + NO3
(aq) and AgI(s)
C) LiNO3(aq) and Ag
+(aq) + I
(aq)
D) Li
+(aq) + NO3
(aq) and Ag
+(aq) + I
(aq)
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: 15.10 Strong and Weak Electrolytes
129) Nitric acid is a strong acid, sodium hydroxide is a strong base, and sodium nitrate is a soluble salt. Which of
the following is the net ionic equation for the reaction?
HNO3(aq) + NaOH(aq) →
NaNO3(aq) + H2O(l)
A) H
+(aq) + OH
-(aq)
→ H2O(l)
-(aq) + Na
+(aq) →
B) NO3
NaNO3(s)
C) H
+(aq) + NaOH(aq) →
Na
+(aq) + H2O(l)
D) HNO3(aq) + OH
-(aq) →
-(aq) + H2O(l)
NO3
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Topic: 15.11 Net Ionic Equations
130) Nitric acid is a strong acid, ammonium hydroxide is a weak base, and ammonium nitrate is a soluble salt.
Which of the following is the net ionic equation for the reaction?
HNO3(aq) + NH4OH(aq) → NH4NO3(aq) + H2O(l)
A) H
+(aq) + OH
-(aq)
→ H2O(l)
-(aq) + NH4
+(aq) → NH4NO3(aq)
B) NO3
C) H
+(aq) + NH4OH(aq) → NH4
+(aq) + H2O(l)
D) HNO3(aq) + OH
-(aq) → NO3
-(aq) + H2O(l)
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Topic: 15.11 Net Ionic Equations
26
131) Acetic acid is a weak acid, potassium hydroxide is a strong base, and potassium acetate is a soluble salt.
Which of the following is the net ionic equation for the reaction?
HC2H3O2(aq) + KOH(aq) →
KC2H3O2(aq) + H2O(l)
A) H
+(aq) + OH
-(aq)
→ H2O(l)
-(aq) + K
+(aq) →
B) C2H3O2
KC2H3O2(aq)
C) H
+(aq) + KOH(aq)
→
K
+(aq) + H2O(l)
D) HC2H3O2(aq) + OH
-(aq) →
-(aq) + H2O(l)
C2H3O2
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Topic: 15.11 Net Ionic Equations
132) Acetic acid is a weak acid, ammonium hydroxide is a weak base, and ammonium acetate is a soluble salt.
Which of the following is the net ionic equation for the reaction?
HC2H3O2(aq) + NH4OH (aq) → NH4C2H3O2(aq) + H2O(l)
A) H
+(aq) + OH
-(aq)
→ H2O(l)
-(aq) + NH4
+(aq) → NH4C2H3O2(aq)
B) C2H3O2
C) H
+(aq) + Ba(OH)2(aq)
+(aq) + H2O(l)
→ NH4
D) HC2H3O2(aq) + OH
-(aq) →
-(aq) + H2O(l)
C2H3O2
E) none of the above
Answer: E
Topic: 15.11 Net Ionic Equations
133) Which of the following is a chemical property of an acidic solution?
A) reacts with bases to produce water
B) reacts with metals to produce hydrogen gas
C) reacts with water to produce hydronium ions
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Topic: General Exercises
134) Which of the following illustrates a neutralization reaction?
A) HClO(aq) and NaOH(aq)
B) HClO2(aq) and NaOH(aq)
C) HClO4(aq) and NaOH(aq)
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Topic: General Exercises
27
135) Which of the following solutions is amphiprotic?
A) H2CO3(aq)
B) NaHCO3(aq)
C) Na2CO3(aq)
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: General Exercises
136) Which of the following solutions is amphiprotic?
A) H3PO4(aq)
B) Na2HPO4(aq)
C) Na3PO4(aq)
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: General Exercises
137) What is the color of methyl red indicator at pH 5, the midpoint at which red and yellow are in equal
concentration?
A) blue
B) green
C) orange
D) red
E) yellow
Answer: C
Topic: General Exercises
138) What is the color of bromthymol blue indicator at pH 7, the midpoint at which yellow and blue are in equal
concentration?
A) blue
B) green
C) orange
D) red
E) yellow
Answer: B
Topic: General Exercises
139) What is the hydrogen ion concentration of an aqueous acid solution having a pH of zero?
A) -1 M
B) 0 M
C) 1 M
D) 10 M
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Topic: General Exercises
140) What is the pH of an aqueous acid solution whose hydrogen ion concentration is 1 M?
A) -1
B) 0
C) 1
D) 10
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Topic: General Exercises
28
141) What is the hydrogen ion concentration of an aqueous acid solution having a pH of -1?
A) -1 M
B) 0 M
C) 1 M
D) 10 M
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Topic: General Exercises
142) Beakers W, X, Y, and Z contain either aqueous HCl, HNO 3, H2SO4, or HC2H3O2. Which beaker contains
acetic acid if the light bulb glows brightly when testing the conductivity of beakers W, Y, and Z?
A) beaker W
B) beaker X
C) beaker Y
D) beaker Z
E) all of the above
Answer: B
Topic: General Exercises
143) Beakers W, X, Y, and Z contain either aqueous NaOH, KOH, LiOH, or NH 4OH. Which beaker contains
aqueous ammonia if the light bulb glows brightly when testing the conductivity of beakers W, X, and Z?
A) beaker W
B) beaker X
C) beaker Y
D) beaker Z
E) all of the above
Answer: C
Topic: General Exercises
144) Beakers W, X, Y, and Z contain either aqueous NaCl, K2SO4, NH4NO3, or H2O. Which beaker contains only
distilled water if the light bulb glows brightly when testing the conductivity of beakers W, X, and Y?
A) beaker W
B) beaker X
C) beaker Y
D) beaker Z
E) all of the above
Answer: D
Topic: General Exercises
145) Which of the following is true if the pH of an aqueous solution decreases?
A) The hydrogen ion concentration decreases.
B) The hydroxide ion concentration increases.
C) The hydroxide ion concentration decreases.
D) The Kw increases.
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Topic: General Exercises
29
146) Which of the following is true if the pH of an aqueous solution increases?
A) The hydrogen ion concentration increases.
B) The hydroxide ion concentration decreases.
C) The hydroxide ion concentration increases.
D) The Kw increases.
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Topic: General Exercises
147) Which of the following is true if the hydrogen ion concentration of an aqueous solution increases?
A) The pH increases.
B) The hydroxide ion concentration increases.
C) The hydroxide ion concentration decreases.
D) The Kw increases.
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Topic: General Exercises
148) Name the scientist who established the concept of ions in aqueous solutions.
A) Svante Arrhenius
B) Johannes Brønsted
C) Thomas Lowry
D) Wilhelm Ostwald
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Topic: Chemistry Connection: Svante Arrhenius
149) What classic paper established the concept of ions in aqueous solutions?
A) ʺThe Sceptical Chymistʺ
B) ʺIons in Aqueous Solutionsʺ
C) ʺOn the Ionization of Aqueous Solutionsʺ
D) ʺOn the Dissociation of Substances in Aqueous Solutionsʺ
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Topic: Chemistry Connection: Svante Arrhenius
150) Which of the following solutions did Arrhenius observe to be a good conductor of electricity?
A) aqueous salt solution
B) aqueous sugar solution
C) aqueous alcohol solution
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Topic: Chemistry Connection: Svante Arrhenius
30
151) Which of the following solutions did Arrhenius theorize existed primarily as ions in solution?
A) aqueous salt solution
B) aqueous sugar solution
C) aqueous alcohol solution
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Topic: Chemistry Connection: Svante Arrhenius
152) Which of the following atmospheric pollutants contributes to acid rain?
A) CO2
B) NO2
C) SO2
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Topic: Critical Thinking: Acid Rain
153) Which of the following atmospheric pollutants that causes acid rain is mainly from the combustion of fossil
fuels?
A) CO2
B) NO2
C) SO2
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Topic: Critical Thinking: Acid Rain
154) Which of the following atmospheric pollutants that causes acid rain is mainly from the burning of low -grade
coal?
A) CO2
B) NO2
C) SO2
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Topic: Critical Thinking: Acid Rain
155) Which of the following acids is found in acid rain?
A) carbonic acid
B) nitric acid
C) sulfuric acid
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Topic: Critical Thinking: Acid Rain
31
156) Which of the following that causes acid rain is mainly from steelmaking plants and electric power plants?
A) carbonic acid
B) nitric acid
C) sulfuric acid
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Topic: Critical Thinking: Acid Rain
157) What is the difference in pH between acid rain and normal rain?
A) The pH of acid rain is below 1, and normal rain is about 5.5.
B) The pH of acid rain is below 5, and normal rain is neutral.
C) The pH of acid rain is below 5, and normal rain is about 5.5.
D) The pH of acid rain is below 7, and normal rain is neutral.
E) The pH of acid rain is below 7, and normal rain is about 5.5.
Answer: C
Topic: Critical Thinking: Acid Rain
32