Description
Microbiology for the Healthcare Professional 1st Edition VanMeter Test Bank
ISBN: 9780323277020
ISBN: 9780323072588
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Below you will find some free nursing test bank questions from this test bank:
Chapter 19: Physical and Chemical Methods of Control
MULTIPLE CHOICE
- Decontamination is defined as the
| a. | Killing of all microorganisms in a given area |
| b. | Reduction or removal of unwanted chemical or biological agents |
| c. | Stopping of the growth of microorganisms in a given area |
| d. | Removal of all vegetative organisms |
ANS: B
- Which of the following has a higher resistance to environmental stresses than the others?
| a. | Protozoan cysts |
| b. | Fungal spores |
| c. | Enveloped viruses |
| d. | Vegetative bacterial cells |
ANS: A
- The cleaning of glassware and tableware in restaurants falls into the category of
| a. | Degermation |
| b. | Sterilization |
| c. | Disinfection |
| d. | Sanitization |
ANS: D
- Which of the following methods is the simplest heat-related method to sterilize metal?
| a. | Incineration |
| b. | Autoclaving |
| c. | Direct flaming |
| d. | Indirect heating |
ANS: C
- Boiling items in water for __________ minutes will kill most vegetative bacteria and viruses.
| a. | 3–5 |
| b. | 5–6 |
| c. | 6–8 |
| d. | 10–15 |
ANS: D
- The technique that combines freezing and drying to preserve microbes and other cells is
| a. | Desiccation |
| b. | Lyophilization |
| c. | Pasteurization |
| d. | Radiation |
ANS: B
- Ionizing radiation involves all of the following except
| a. | UV light |
| b. | Gamma rays |
| c. | Electron beams |
| d. | X-rays |
ANS: A
- The term “zone of inhibition” is used in which of the following procedures?
| a. | Use-dilution test |
| b. | Growth inhibition test |
| c. | Disk-diffusion test |
| d. | Multiple inhibition test |
ANS: C
- Chlorine belongs to which of the following chemical groups?
| a. | Halogens |
| b. | Heavy metals |
| c. | Phenols |
| d. | Alcohols |
ANS: A
- All of the following are methods for food preservation except
| a. | Pasteurization |
| b. | Disinfection |
| c. | Irradiation |
| d. | Ultrahigh-temperature pasteurization |
ANS: B
- The time in minutes in which 90% of the bacterial population will be killed at a given temperature is called the
| a. | Generation time |
| b. | Thermal death time |
| c. | Sterilization time |
| d. | Decimal reduction time |
ANS: D
- The food preparation process in which not all microorganisms are killed, but the number of microbes capable of spoiling the food or causing disease is reduced, is called
| a. | Sanitation |
| b. | Pasteurization |
| c. | Disinfection |
| d. | Purification |
ANS: B
- A toxic, odorless gas often used as a sterilizing agent in hospitals and dental officials is
| a. | Ethylene oxide |
| b. | Carbon dioxide |
| c. | Carbon monoxide |
| d. | Propane |
ANS: A
- Autoclaving will usually destroy/inactivate all fungi, bacteria, viruses, and most bacterial spores but will not necessarily eliminate
| a. | Neurotoxins |
| b. | Prions |
| c. | Protozoan cysts |
| d. | Mycoplasmas |
ANS: B
- The effects of different kinds of radiation depend on the following factors:
| a. | Time of exposure, wavelength |
| b. | Intensity, frequency, thickness of sample |
| c. | Distance, frequency, nature of sample |
| d. | Chemical composition, intensity, shielding |
ANS: A
COMPLETION
- The destruction of vegetative organisms by chemical or physical methods is called __________.
ANS: Disinfection
- The term to describe an agent that causes microbial growth to come to a standstill is __________.
ANS: Microbiostatic
- The lowest temperature by which all microorganisms in a particular liquid will be killed within 10 minutes is the __________ __________ __________.
ANS: Thermal death point
- Antimicrobial agents that are specifically designed to be used on living tissues are referred to as __________.
ANS: Antiseptics
- Agents that kill microbes are classified as __________.
ANS: Microbicidal
- Food irradiation destroys the __________ of the cell.
ANS: DNA
- The autoclave uses pressurized steam at __________° C and __________ psi.
ANS:
121° C, 15 psi
121, 15
- The two types of pasteurization typically used today are __________ and __________.
ANS:
High temperature short time, ultrahigh temperature (extremely short time)
High temperature short time, ultrahigh temperature extremely short time
ultrahigh temperature extremely short time, high temperature short time
High temperature, ultrahigh temperature
- High salt or sugar content/concentrations make use of __________ __________ to destroy or inhibit the growth of microorganisms.
ANS: Osmotic pressure
- Sterilization using dry heat requires a temperature of __________° C for a period of __________.
ANS:
160–170° C, 2–4 hours
160-170, 2-4 hours
160–170, 2–4 hours
MATCHING
Match the description below to the correct item from this list.
| a. | Iodine |
| b. | Triclosan |
| c. | Aldehydes |
| d. | Quaternary compounds |
| e. | Damage to DNA |
| f. | Mercury |
| g. | Osmotic pressure |
| h. | Penicillin |
- Phenolic compound
- Irradiation
- Cationic detergent
- Alkylating agent
- Halogen
- ANS: B
- ANS: E
- ANS: D
- ANS: C
- ANS: A
