Description
Pharmacology Principles and Applications 3rd Edition Fulcher Soto Test Bank
ISBN-13: 978-1437722673
ISBN-10: 1437722679
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Fulcher: Pharmacology, 3rd Edition
Chapter 27: Urinary System Disorders
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
- Which of the following are NOT common symptoms of urinary tract disorders?
| a. | malaise, fatigue, lethargy, and anorexia |
| b. | edema and ascites |
| c. | hypertension and shortness of breath |
| d. | chest pain and nausea |
| e. | nocturia, hematuria, dysuria, urgency, and frequency |
ANS: C REF: 494
- Which of the following are NOT common side effects of medications for urinary tract disorders?
| a. | enuresis and incontinence |
| b. | drying of secretions |
| c. | rashes and urticaria |
| d. | drowsiness, dizziness, and headache |
| e. | bradycardia, tachycardia, and gastrointestinal symptoms |
ANS: A REF: 494
- Which of the following statements about fluid and electrolyte balance is NOT true?
| a. | The amount of water excreted in urine is under the direct influence of antidiuretic hormone. |
| b. | Three-fourths of the body’s fluids are intracellular and are absolutely essential for metabolic reactions. |
| c. | Water is a solvent in which body substances are dissolved. |
| d. | Infants and obese persons have less fluid in their bodies than normal adults. |
| e. | Electrolytes are solutes found in the body. |
ANS: D REF: 495
- Signs of electrolyte loss include all of the following EXCEPT
| a. | nausea, vomiting, and stomach cramping |
| b. | lethargy and weakness |
| c. | muscle cramping and twitching |
| d. | edema and constipation |
| e. | numbness and tingling |
ANS: D REF: 496
- Major electrolytes that need replacement include all of the following EXCEPT
| a. | sodium |
| b. | calcium |
| c. | chlorides |
| d. | potassium |
| e. | magnesium |
ANS: C REF: 496
- Upper urinary tract infections are associated with all of the following symptoms EXCEPT
| a. | lower back and flank pain |
| b. | burning and frequency of urination |
| c. | weakness |
| d. | fever and headache |
| e. | nausea and vomiting |
ANS: B REF: 497
- Lower urinary tract infections are associated with all of the following symptoms EXCEPT
| a. | frequency and urgency |
| b. | dysuria |
| c. | hematuria |
| d. | headache |
| e. | incontinence |
ANS: D REF: 497
- Common foods that may irritate the urinary bladder include all of the following EXCEPT
| a. | alcoholic beverages and tea |
| b. | milk and milk products |
| c. | cranberries and cranberry juice |
| d. | apples, peaches, pineapple, strawberries, and citrus fruits |
| e. | carbonated beverages and coffee, including decaffeinated coffee |
ANS: B REF: 497
- Drugs that are used to treat urinary tract infections include
| a. | antibacterials |
| b. | antiseptics |
| c. | analgesics |
| d. | a and b |
| e. | all of the above |
ANS: E REF: 497
- Which of the following is NOT true of sulfonamides?
| a. | They are the most frequently ordered antibacterials for urinary tract infections. |
| b. | Short-acting sulfonamides are primarily used for UTIs. |
| c. | Those found on the market today are divided into short-acting, intermediate-acting, and long-acting drugs. |
| d. | They are used in combination with trimethoprim for powerful antimicrobial action with uncomplicated UTIs. |
| e. | Adverse reactions include nausea, vomiting, and rash. |
ANS: C REF: 498
- Which of the following is NOT true of urinary tract antiseptics?
| a. | The most commonly used urinary tract antiseptic is nitrofurantoin. |
| b. | They are used for prophylaxis and treatment of upper UTIs, the primary use being in the lower urinary tract. |
| c. | They are the first choice in treating UTIs. |
| d. | They exert antibacterial activity in urine but have little or no systemic antibacterial effects. |
| e. | All the above statements are true. |
ANS: C REF: 500
- Which of the following is NOT true of urinary tract analgesics?
| a. | They may be topical or local, but these medications have no effect as antiinfectives. |
| b. | They are used to relieve pain, burning, urgency, and frequency of urination. |
| c. | Pyridium will not stain clothing. |
| d. | Carbonated beverages and fruit juices should be avoided when taking urinary tract analgesics. |
| e. | Fever may be a sign of a drug reaction in urinary tract infections. |
ANS: C REF: 500
- Which of the following is NOT true of urinary tract antispasmodics?
| a. | They are indicated for use in children under the age of 5 to relieve enuresis. |
| b. | They are used to relieve urgency, frequency, incontinence, and nocturia. |
| c. | They may be used in children with enuresis over the age of 7. |
| d. | Side effects include vertigo, GI symptoms, drowsiness, blurred vision, and constipation. |
| e. | All of the above statements are true. |
ANS: A REF: 500
- Which of the following is NOT true of medications used to treat overactive bladder and enuresis?
| a. | Medications for overactive bladder relax the bladder muscle to reduce the potential for involuntary contraction. |
| b. | Behavioral techniques may be used temporarily for enuresis in the person with a small or spastic bladder. |
| c. | DDAVP is antidiuretic hormone in a nasal spray used to treat enuresis in children over 6 and in the elderly. |
| d. | Antidepressants may be used to treat enuresis in some children. |
| e. | All of the above statements are true. |
ANS: E REF: 500
TRUE/FALSE
- Diuretics are used to modify kidney function.
ANS: F REF: 495
- Medications may discolor urine from pink to red to purple or brown.
ANS: T REF: 495
- Electrolyte and fluid imbalances are more acute in infants, small children, and older adults.
ANS: T REF: 495
- Intravenous therapy is the only way to replace lost electrolytes.
ANS: F REF: 495
- The oral route is the preferred way to replace fluids.
ANS: T REF: 495
- Some food will contribute to urinary tract discomfort.
ANS: T REF: 497
- The main electrolyte that is lost with diuretics and requires replacement is potassium.
ANS: T REF: 497
- Calcium replacement may be necessary in postmenopausal women.
ANS: T REF: 500
- Sulfonamides are the first choice in treating UTIs owing to the lower cost to the patient.
ANS: T REF: 497
- When taking sulfonamides, patients do not have to worry about sunlight and sunburn.
ANS: F REF: 495
- When taking sulfonamides, the patient should drink eight to ten 8-ounce glasses of water per day.
ANS: T REF: 496
- Pentosan polysulfate is a drug specific for interstitial cystitis.
ANS: T REF: 496
- Symptoms of UTIs include dysuria, nocturia, and proteinuria.
ANS: T REF: 496
- Cardiovascular side effects do not occur with urinary tract medications.
ANS: F REF: 497
- Skin rashes may occur as a side effect of UTI medications.
ANS: T REF: 500
- Diuretics provide diuresis.
ANS: T REF: 495
- Prostatitis may cause urinary retention and thus UTIs in males.
ANS: T REF: 495
- Water is a solute in which body substances are dissolved.
ANS: F REF: 495
- Older adults and small children are at risk for dehydration from diuresing.
ANS: T REF: 495
- DDVAP acts in much the same manner as antidiuretic hormone.
ANS: T REF: 495-496
- Incontinence and enuresis are the same disorder.
ANS: F REF: 497
- Fosfomycin is a unique antiinfective for treatment of complicated UTIs.
ANS: F REF: 496
- Sulfonamides suppress the synthesis of folic acid.
ANS: T REF: 496
- TMZ-SMZ is the abbreviation for trimethoprim-sulfonamide.
ANS: F REF: 497
- Short-acting sulfonamides include sulfisoxazole and sulfadiazine.
ANS: T REF: 499
- The only intermediate acting sulfonamide is sulfamethoxazole.
ANS: T REF: 499
- Penicillin is not indicated for UTIs.
ANS: F REF: 500
- Cephalosporins may be used for UTIs for persons allergic to sulfa medications.
ANS: T REF: 494
- Nitrofurantoin (Furadantin) may be used for upper and lower UTIs.
ANS: T REF: 494
- Pyridium (phenazopyridine) is a urinary topical anesthetic.
ANS: T REF: 494
- Sulfonamides may increase the effects of warfarin and oral hypoglycemic.
ANS: T REF: 495
- Phenazopyridine has antiinfective effects.
ANS: F REF: 494
- Urinary incontinence is treated with urinary antispasmodics.
ANS: T REF: 495
- Oxybutynin cures the effects of neurogenic bladder.
ANS: F REF: 495
- When using urinary tract antispasmodics, persons should have intraocular pressure measured at regular intervals.
ANS: T REF: 495
- Urinary antispasmodics do not cause any side effects that would inhibit driving.
ANS: F REF: 500
- All children with enuresis need medications to control the symptoms.
ANS: F REF: 497
- DDVAP is a drug used in older adults who have enuresis.
ANS: T REF: 497
- Drugs for enuresis reduce incontinence, frequency, and urgency due to spasms of the smooth muscles of the bladder.
ANS: T REF: 497
- Urinary tract antiseptics should be used only when sulfonamides are not effective.
ANS: F REF: 498
- Cranberry juice is indicated to treat UTIs but may also cause irritation to the urinary tract.
ANS: T REF: 498
MATCHING
Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
| a. | anion |
| b. | ion |
| c. | electrolyte |
| d. | cation |
| e. | replacement therapy |
- Therapeutic replacement of lost body substances, including electrolytes
- Same as an electrolyte when found in aqueous solutions
- Solute or particle that develops an electrical charge when dissolved in water
- Negatively charged ion
- Positively charged ion
- ANS: E REF: 497
- ANS: B REF: 497
- ANS: C REF: 500
- ANS: A REF: 500
- ANS: D REF: 499
Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
| a. | urgency |
| b. | nocturia |
| c. | pyuria |
| d. | dysuria |
| e. | diuresis |
- Pus in the urine
- Painful urination
- Excessive urination at night
- Sudden, uncontrollable need to urinate
- Loss of water in the body
- ANS: C REF: 497 | 499
- ANS: D REF: 500
- ANS: B REF: 500
- ANS: A REF: 500
- ANS: E REF: 500
Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
| a. | malaise |
| b. | lethargy |
| c. | incontinence |
| d. | enuresis |
| e. | anorexia |
- Feelings of sluggishness
- Loss of appetite
- Discomfort or a nonspecific feeling of uneasiness
- Inability to hold or retain urine
- Involuntary discharge of urine after an age when bladder control should be achieved; usually called bedwetting
- ANS: B REF: 500
- ANS: E REF: 500
- ANS: A REF: 500
- ANS: C REF: 500
- ANS: D REF: 501
