Description

Seeleys Anatomy and Physiology 9^th Edition Regan Vanputte Test Bank

ISBN-13: 9780071222105

ISBN-10: 0071222103

 

 

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Chapter 23

Respiratory System

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Ventilation refers to the
   A. movement of air into and out of the lungs.
   B.  gas exchange between the blood and the tissues.
   C.  transportation of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.
   D.  gas exchange between the air in the lungs and the blood.
   E.  respiration at the cellular level.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.01
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #1
Topic: Respiratory System
 

2. Internal respiration refers to
   A. atmospheric air coming into the lungs.
   B.  gas exchange between the lungs and the blood.
   C.  gas exchange in the atmosphere.
   D.  gas exchange between the blood and body tissues.
   E.  cellular respiration.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.01
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #2
Topic: Respiratory System
 

3. External respiration refers to
   A. atmospheric air coming into the lungs.
   B.  gas exchange between the lungs and the blood.
   C.  gas exchange in the atmosphere.
   D.  gas exchange between the blood and body tissues.
   E.  cellular respiration.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.01
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #2
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

4. A protective function of the respiratory system would be
   A. altering blood pH by changing blood CO₂ levels.
   B.  olfaction by drawing molecules into the nasal cavity.
   C.  producing ACE which helps regulate blood pressure.
   D.  preventing microorganisms from entering the body.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.01
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

5. Which of the following is NOT a function of the respiratory system?
   A. olfaction
   B.  taste
   C.  production of chemical mediators
   D.  voice production
   E.  regulation of blood pH

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.01
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

6. Which of the following is NOT a process of respiration?
   A. voice production
   B.  internal respiration
   C.  ventilation
   D.  external respiration
   E.  transport of blood gases in the blood

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.01
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

7. Which of the following is part of the upper respiratory tract?
   A. lungs
   B.  pharynx
   C.  trachea
   D.  bronchi
   E.  bronchioles

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #3
Topic: Respiratory System
 

8. The nasal septum
   A. divides the nose into superior and inferior chambers.
   B.  forms the floor of the nasal cavity.
   C.  is the opening of the nose to the outside environment.
   D.  is the part of the nose responsible for the sense of smell.
   E.  divides the nose into right and left chambers.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #4
Topic: Respiratory System
 

9. Which of the following functions is associated with the nose?
   A. initiating the cough reflex
   B.  external respiration
   C.  warming the air
   D.  producing mucus to trap debris from the air
   E.  warming the air and producing mucus to trap debris from the air

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #5
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

10. Which of the following structures opens directly into the nasal cavity?
    A. paranasal sinuses
    B.  auditory tubes
    C.  lacrimal glands
    D.  fauces
    E.  epiglottis

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #6
Topic: Respiratory System
 

11. Whenever people cry, their nose runs. This is because the _____ drain tears into the nose.
    A. nasolacrimal ducts
    B.  paranasal sinuses
    C.  lacrimal glands
    D.  Wharten’s ducts
    E.  auditory tube

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #7
Topic: Respiratory System
 

12. The olfactory epithelium responsible for the sense of smell is located in the
    A. floor of the nasal cavity.
    B.  wall of the nasal septum.
    C.  lining of the nasopharynx.
    D.  cavity of the paranasal sinuses.
    E.  roof of the nasal cavity.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #8
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

13. A molecule of air enters the nose through the external nares. Which of the following is the correct pathway to the trachea?
    A. nasal cavity, larynx, pharynx, trachea
    B.  oral cavity, nasal cavity, larynx, pharynx, trachea
    C.  nasopharynx, nasal cavity, laryngopharynx, trachea
    D.  nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea
    E.  nasal cavity, trachea, larynx, pharynx

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #9
Topic: Respiratory System
 

14. Which of the following is NOT a function of the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium of the nasal cavity?
    A. traps dirt and removes it from the air
    B.  moisturizes the air
    C.  exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide
    D.  warms the air

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

15. What is the function of the nasal conchae?
    A. increases turbulence in the airflow
    B.  olfaction
    C.  increases surface area for cleaning, warming, and moisturizing the air
    D.  increases turbulence and surface area for cleaning, warming and moisturizing the air

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

16. Which of the following is a passageway for both air and food?
    A. trachea
    B.  larynx
    C.  pharynx
    D.  bronchus
    E.  esophagus

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #10
Topic: Respiratory System
 

17. The portion of the pharynx that extends from the internal nares to the level of the uvula is the
    A. glottis.
    B.  nasopharynx.
    C.  oropharynx.
    D.  laryngopharynx.
    E.  glottopharynx.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #11
Topic: Respiratory System
 

18. The auditory tubes open into the
    A. fauces.
    B.  oropharynx.
    C.  nasopharynx.
    D.  laryngopharynx.
    E.  nasal cavity.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #12
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

19. The largest of the laryngeal cartilages is the
    A. epiglottis.
    B.  thyroid cartilage.
    C.  cricoid cartilage.
    D.  corniculate cartilage.
    E.  cuneiform cartilage.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #13
Topic: Respiratory System
 

20. The ring of cartilage that forms the base of the larynx is the
    A. epiglottis.
    B.  thyroid cartilage.
    C.  cricoid cartilage.
    D.  arytenoid cartilage.
    E.  cuneiform cartilage.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #14
Topic: Respiratory System
 

21. Which of the following statements concerning the larynx is correct?
    A. The larynx contains four unpaired cartilages.
    B.  When the glottis closes, air is prevented from leaving the lungs.
    C.  Unlike other portions of the larynx, the epiglottis consists of some bony tissue.
    D.  The inferior laryngeal cartilage is the thyroid cartilage.
    E.  The epiglottis is also called “Adam’s apple”.

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #15
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

22. During swallowing, the opening into the larynx is covered by the
    A. epiglottis.
    B.  thyroid cartilage.
    C.  cricoid cartilage.
    D.  arytenoid cartilage.
    E.  the “Adam’s apple”.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #16
Topic: Respiratory System
 

23. Which of the following laryngeal cartilages are paired?
    (1) epiglottis
    (2) thyroid cartilage
    (3) corniculate cartilage
    (4) arytenoid cartilage
    (5) cuneiform cartilage
    (6) cricoid cartilage
    A. 1, 2, 6
    B.  3, 5, 6
    C.  2, 4, 5
    D.  3, 4, 5
    E.  2, 3, 4

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #17
Topic: Respiratory System
 

24. When these ligaments or folds come together, they prevent food from entering the lower respiratory tract.
    A. vocal folds
    B.  vestibular folds
    C.  cricothyroid ligaments
    D.  epiglottic folds
    E.  vocal folds and vestibular folds

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #18
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

25. When air passes through the glottis, which structures vibrate to produce sound?
    A. thyroid folds
    B.  ventricular folds
    C.  epiglottal cords
    D.  cricohyoid folds
    E.  vocal folds (cords)

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #19
Topic: Respiratory System
 

26. The pitch of the sound produced by the vocal folds is controlled by the
    A. frequency of the vibrations.
    B.  amplitude of the vibrations.
    C.  thickness of the thyroid cartilage.
    D.  size of the glottis.
    E.  force of air moving past them.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #20
Topic: Respiratory System
 

27. The trachea
    A. is located in the pleural cavity.
    B.  has “C” shaped cartilages that form its anterior and lateral sides.
    C.  is lined with keratinized squamous epithelium.
    D.  bifurcates to form the bronchioles.
    E.  collapses when not in use.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #21
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

28. The respiratory zone of the tracheobronchial tree includes which of the following?
    A. trachea
    B.  alveoli
    C.  primary bronchi
    D.  larynx
    E.  tertiary bronchi

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #22
Topic: Respiratory System
 

29. Each lobe of each lung is supplied by a
    A. primary bronchus.
    B.  secondary bronchus.
    C.  tertiary bronchus.
    D.  bronchiole.
    E.  segmental bronchus.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #23
Topic: Respiratory System
 

30. Of the following structures, the largest in diameter is the
    A. primary bronchus.
    B.  secondary bronchus.
    C.  respiratory bronchiole.
    D.  trachea.
    E.  tertiary bronchus.

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #24
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

31. Arrange the following structures in the order air passes through them during inhalation:
    (1) alveolar ducts
    (2) alveolus
    (3) respiratory bronchiole
    (4) terminal bronchiole
    A. 1, 2, 3, 4
    B.  2, 1, 3, 4
    C.  4, 3, 1, 2
    D.  3, 2, 1, 4
    E.  4, 3, 2, 1

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #25
Topic: Respiratory System
 

32. When people aspirate liquids or food into their lungs, the liquid or food most commonly enters the right lung rather than the left lung. This is because the right primary bronchus is __________ than the left primary bronchus.
    A. longer
    B.  thinner
    C.  more vertical
    D.  less ciliated
    E.  shorter

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #26
Topic: Respiratory System
 

33. The diameter of bronchioles can change because their walls contain
    A. smooth muscle.
    B.  skeletal muscle.
    C.  fibrous cartilage.
    D.  hyaline cartilage.
    E.  elastic cartilage.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #27
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

34. From largest to smallest, the correct sequence for the following passageways is
    A. bronchi, bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, alveoli.
    B.  bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi, alveoli.
    C.  alveoli, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi.
    D.  bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveoli.
    E.  terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli.

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #28
Topic: Respiratory System
 

35. Gas exchange between the air in the lungs and the blood takes place in the
    A. alveoli.
    B.  primary bronchi.
    C.  terminal bronchioles.
    D.  trachea.
    E.  respiratory bronchi.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #29
Topic: Respiratory System
 

36. Constriction of smooth muscle in the bronchioles
    A. occurs during periods of exercise.
    B.  restricts the flow of air into the lungs.
    C.  decreases ciliary action.
    D.  increases airflow out of the lungs.
    E.  does not affect airflow.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #30
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

37. What is the function of the ciliated epithelium of the tracheobronchial tree?
    A. to cause coughing
    B.  a mucus-cilia escalator
    C.  move dirt toward the alveoli
    D.  All of the choices are correct

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

38. The walls of the alveoli
    A. are composed of simple squamous epithelium.
    B.  contain several layers of smooth muscle.
    C.  contain goblet cells.
    D.  are surrounded by cartilage.
    E.  are ciliated.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #31
Topic: Respiratory System
 

39. A person has severe damage or disease in the upper area of their right lung. Surgery is necessary. The doctor would need to remove
    A. the entire right lung.
    B.  the superior lobe of the right lung.
    C.  the apical bronchopulmonary segment of the right lung.
    D.  only the damaged area of the apical bronchopulmonary segment.
    E.  the apical, anterior, and posterior segments of the superior lobe.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #32
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

40. Which of the following statements regarding the lungs is correct?
    A. The left lung is larger than the right lung.
    B.  The left lung contains two lobes while the right lung contains three lobes.
    C.  The left lung has more bronchopulmonary segments than the right lung.
    D.  Only the right lung has a hilum.
    E.  The left lung contains three lobes while the right lung contains two lobes.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #33
Topic: Respiratory System
 

41. What type of cells make up about 90% of the alveolar surface?
    A. ciliated simple squamous epithelial cells
    B.  Type I pneumocytes
    C.  Type II pneumocytes
    D.  macrophages

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

42. What type of alveolar cells produce surfactant?
    A. ciliated simple cuboidal epithelial cells
    B.  Type I pneumocytes
    C.  Type II pneumocytes
    D.  macrophages

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

43. What occurs at the respiratory membrane?
    A. mucus removes debris
    B.  gas exchange between the air and blood takes place
    C.  macrophages accumulate to remove debris
    D.  gas exchange between the blood and tissues takes place

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

44. Which of the following is NOT part of the respiratory membrane?
    A. simple squamous epithelium of the alveolus and its basement membrane
    B.  interstitial space
    C.  pulmonary capillary simple squamous epithelium and its basement membrane
    D.  thick layer of mucus lining the alveolus

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

45. Which of the following muscles increases the volume of the thorax during a normal inhalation?
    (1) diaphragm
    (2) external intercostals
    (3) internal intercostals
    (4) rectus abdominis
    A. 1, 2
    B.  1, 3
    C.  2, 3
    D.  2, 4
    E.  3, 4

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #34
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

46. Contraction of the _______ will increase the superior-inferior dimension of the thoracic cavity.
    A. rectus abdominis
    B.  internal intercostals
    C.  diaphragm
    D.  external intercostals
    E.  sternocleidomastoid

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #35
Topic: Respiratory System
 

47. Expiration during quiet breathing
    A. is an active process.
    B.  requires more muscle contractions than inspiration.
    C.  is due to contraction of the diaphragm and elevation of the ribs.
    D.  occurs when the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles relax.
    E.  is not affected by the elastic properties of the lungs.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #36
Topic: Respiratory System
 

48. Which of the following statements concerning the lungs and the pleura is true?
    A. Each lung is suspended in a separate pleural cavity.
    B.  Parietal pleura covers the surface of each lung.
    C.  The space between the visceral and parietal pleurae is called the mediastinum.
    D.  The pleural fluid assists in gas exchange.
    E.  The pleural membranes adhere, but cannot slide past each other.

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #37
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

49. The serous membranes that surround the lungs are called the
    A. mucous membranes.
    B.  synovial membranes.
    C.  pleural membranes.
    D.  peritoneal membranes.
    E.  pulmonary membranes.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #38
Topic: Respiratory System
 

50. Oxygenated blood is carried to the tissues of the lungs via the
    A. pulmonary veins.
    B.  bronchial arteries.
    C.  pulmonary artery.
    D.  abdominal aorta.
    E.  pleural arteries.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #39
Topic: Respiratory System
 

51. The lungs have
    A. one blood flow route and one lymphatic supply.
    B.  two blood flow routes and one lymphatic supply.
    C.  one blood flow route and two lymphatic supplies.
    D.  two blood flow routes and two lymphatic supplies.
    E.  three blood flow routes and one lymphatic supply.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #40
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

52. When the inspiratory muscles contract,
    A. thoracic volume increases.
    B.  pleural pressure increases.
    C.  the alveolar pressure increases.
    D.  expiration occurs.
    E.  thoracic volume decreases.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.03
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #41
Topic: Respiratory System
 

53. Which of the following statements is true?
    A. As thoracic volume increases, alveolar pressure (P_alv) increases.
    B.  In expiration, the thoracic volume increases.
    C.  Constriction of bronchioles assists breathing.
    D.  As alveolar volume increases, alveolar pressure (P_alv) decreases.
    E.  Pressure is directly proportional to volume.

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.03
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #42
Topic: Respiratory System
 

54. For air to flow into or out of the lungs, there must be
    A. a volume gradient established between the atmosphere and the alveoli.
    B.  a temperature gradient between the atmosphere and the alveoli.
    C.  a pressure gradient established between the atmosphere and the alveoli.
    D.  a diffusion gradient between the atmosphere and the alveoli.
    E.  None of these choices is correct.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.03
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #43
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

55. During expiration, the alveolar pressure must be
    A. greater than atmospheric pressure.
    B.  less than atmospheric pressure.
    C.  equal to atmospheric pressure.
    D.  greater than pleural pressure.
    E.  None of these choices is correct.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.03
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #44
Topic: Respiratory System
 

56. Surfactant facilitates alveolar ventilation by
    A. decreasing the surface tension between water molecules on the lining of the alveoli.
    B.  decreasing thoracic compliance.
    C.  attracting water to the alveolar surface.
    D.  increasing the surface area for gas exchange.
    E.  increases the surface tension between fluid and the alveoli.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.03
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #45
Topic: Respiratory System
 

57. During inspiration, contraction of the diaphragm causes the volume of Mr. Jones’ thoracic cavity to increase and the pleural pressure to decrease. The pressure in his alveoli (P_alv) will
    A. decrease below atmospheric pressure (P_B), causing air to move out of his lungs.
    B.  become greater than atmospheric pressure (P_B), causing air to move into his lungs.
    C.  decrease below atmospheric pressure (P_B), causing air to move into his lungs.
    D.  become greater than atmospheric pressure (P_B), causing air to move out of his lungs.
    E.  does not change.

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.03
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #46
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

58. Which of the following factors keeps the alveoli expanded?
    A. a pneumothorax
    B.  negative pleural pressure
    C.  alveolar pressure being equal to atmospheric pressure
    D.  a reduction in surfactant
    E.  negative intra-alveolar pressure

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.03
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #47
Topic: Respiratory System
 

59. Air in the pleural cavity is called
    A. emphysema.
    B.  respiratory distress syndrome.
    C.  a pneumothorax.
    D.  pneumonia.
    E.  forced expiration.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.03
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #48
Topic: Respiratory System
 

60. Whose law explains that an increase in volume causes a decrease in pressure?
    A. Henry’s Law
    B.  Dalton’s Law
    C.  Charles Law
    D.  Boyles Law

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.03
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

61. Whose law explains why a gas will move from one area to another area?
    A. Dalton’s Law
    B.  Henry’s Law
    C.  Charles Law
    D.  Boyle’s Law

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.03
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

True / False Questions

62. Contraction of respiratory muscles are responsible for the movement of air out of the lungs in quiet expiration.
    FALSE

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.03
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

63. What factors are responsible for the decrease in the volume of the alveoli?
    A. compliance and lung recoil
    B.  lung recoil and surface tension of water
    C.  compliance and surface tension of water
    D.  perfusion and lung recoil

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.03
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

64. In which of the following situations is compliance greatest?
    A. collapse of the alveoli
    B.  airway obstruction
    C.  emphysema
    D.  pulmonary fibrosis
    E.  pulmonary edema

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.04
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #49
Topic: Respiratory System
 

65. Which of the following individuals will have the highest vital capacity?
    A. a well-trained athlete (male or female)
    B.  a middle-aged, short female
    C.  an 80-year-old male
    D.  a young, obese male
    E.  an adult female

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.04
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #50
Topic: Respiratory System
 

66. Mr. Huff and Puff exhales normally; then, using forced expiration, he exhales as much air as possible. The volume of air still remaining in his lungs is called
    A. expiratory reserve volume.
    B.  tidal volume.
    C.  inspiratory reserve volume.
    D.  vital capacity.
    E.  residual volume.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.04
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #51
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

67. The volume of air available for gas exchange per minute is called the
    A. vital capacity.
    B.  alveolar ventilation.
    C.  minute respiratory volume.
    D.  functional residual capacity.
    E.  respiratory rate.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.04
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #52
Topic: Respiratory System
 

68. Physiological dead air space is anatomic dead space plus
    A. the residual volume.
    B.  the volume of any alveoli where gas exchange is diminished.
    C.  the volume of blood flowing to the lungs.
    D.  the respiration rate.
    E.  tidal volume.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.04
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #53
Topic: Respiratory System
 

69. Calculate the alveolar ventilation if the tidal volume is 500 ml., the respiratory rate is 12/minute, and the anatomical dead space is 100 ml.
    A. 1200 ml
    B.  1800 ml
    C.  4800 ml
    D.  6000 ml
    E.  7200 ml

 

Bloom’s Level: Apply
Section: 23.04
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #54
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

70. The volume of air inspired or expired with each breath is the
    A. residual volume.
    B.  inspiratory reserve volume.
    C.  tidal volume.
    D.  expiratory reserve volume.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.04
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

71. What is the volume of air that can be forcibly expired after expiration of the tidal volume?
    A. residual volume
    B.  inspiratory reserve volume
    C.  vital capacity
    D.  expiratory reserve volume

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.04
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

72. Mr. Huff and Puff is getting ready to blow up a pool float because he can’t find the air pump.  He takes a big breath in after exhaling normally.  The air he takes in is the
    A. inspiratory reserve volume.
    B.  vital capacity.
    C.  inspiratory capacity.
    D.  tidal volume.

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.04
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

73. If the total pressure of a mixture of gases was 760 mm Hg and its composition is 20% oxygen, 0.04% carbon dioxide, 75% nitrogen, and 5% water vapor, then the partial pressure of oxygen would be
    A. 740 mm Hg.
    B.  20 mm Hg.
    C.  148 mm Hg.
    D.  152 mm Hg.
    E.  200 mm Hg.

 

Bloom’s Level: Apply
Section: 23.05
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #55
Topic: Respiratory System
 

74. Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged across the respiratory membrane by the process of
    A. active transport.
    B.  diffusion.
    C.  filtration.
    D.  osmosis.
    E.  cotransport.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.05
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #56
Topic: Respiratory System
 

75. Which of the following increases the rate of gas exchange across the respiratory membrane?
    A. increased fluid in the alveoli
    B.  increased thickness of the respiratory membrane
    C.  increased surface area of the respiratory membrane
    D.  increased connective tissue in the alveolar wall
    E.  decreased surface area of the respiratory membrane

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.05
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #57
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

76. Which of the following respiratory membrane layers is closest to air in the alveolus?
    A. alveolar epithelium
    B.  alveolar basement membrane
    C.  capillary basement membrane
    D.  capillary endothelium
    E.  alveolar fluid (with surfactant)

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.05
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #58
Topic: Respiratory System
 

77. Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences the rate of gas diffusion through the respiratory membrane?
    A. the partial pressure gradient of the gases
    B.  the thickness of the respiratory membrane
    C.  the diffusion coefficient of the gases
    D.  the temperature of the gases
    E.  the surface area of the membrane

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.05
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

78. Pulmonary edema will cause the rate of gas diffusion to
    A. increase.
    B.  decrease.
    C.  remain the same.

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.05
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

79. Carbon dioxide is more soluble in water than is oxygen.  Which gas has the higher rate of diffusion?
    A. carbon dioxide
    B.  oxygen
    C.  Both will have the same rate of diffusion

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.05
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

80. A decrease in the surface area of the respiratory membrane will cause the diffusion rate to
    A. increase.
    B.  decrease.
    C.  remain unchanged.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.05
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

81. Which of the following will cause a decrease in the surface area of the respiratory membrane?
    A. emphysema
    B.  tuberculosis
    C.  pneumonia
    D.  All of the choices will reduce surface area of the respiratory membrane

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.05
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

82. Normally, the partial pressure of oxygen gas is higher in the
    A. blood of the pulmonary capillaries.
    B.  bronchioles.
    C.  alveoli.
    D.  venous blood.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.05
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

True / False Questions

83. Increasing ventilation will increase the PO₂ and decrease the PCO₂, which promotes gas exchange.
    TRUE

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.05
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

84. Which of the following results in an increase in shunted blood (blood not completely oxygenated)?
    A. exercise
    B.  pulmonary edema
    C.  increased heart rate
    D.  increased respiration rate
    E.  None of these choices is correct.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.05
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #59
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

85. As the result of an asthmatic attack,
    A. ventilation exceeds the ability of blood to pick up oxygen.
    B.  ventilation is inadequate to oxygenate blood.
    C.  pulmonary blood flow is reduced while ventilation remains normal.
    D.  the surface area available for gas exchange increases.
    E.  bronchioles dilate.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.05
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #60
Topic: Respiratory System
 

86. Arrange the following in order from highest to lowest PO₂.
    (1) PO₂ of pulmonary veins
    (2) PO₂ of pulmonary artery
    (3) PO₂ of alveolar air
    A.  1, 2, 3
    B.  2, 1, 3
    C.  2, 3, 1
    D.  3, 1, 2
    E.  3, 2, 1

 

Bloom’s Level: Analyze
Section: 23.05
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #61
Topic: Respiratory System
 

87. Oxygen diffusion from the alveolus to the pulmonary capillary occurs because
    A. alveolar PO₂ is greater than capillary PO₂.
    B.  oxygen diffuses faster than carbon dioxide.
    C.  alveolar PCO₂ is greater than capillary PCO₂.
    D.  alveolar PO₂ is less than capillary PCO₂.
    E.  carbon dioxide diffuses faster than oxygen.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.05
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #62
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

88. In which of the following sequences does PO₂ progressively decrease?
    A. body tissue, arterial blood, alveolar air
    B.  body tissue, alveolar air, arterial blood
    C.  blood in aorta, atmospheric air, body tissues
    D.  atmospheric air, blood in aorta, body tissues
    E.  body tissue, aorta, alveolar air

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #63
Topic: Respiratory System
 

89. Oxygen is transported in the blood
    A. bound to hemoglobin.
    B.  bound to albumin.
    C.  dissolved in the plasma.
    D.  as part of the bicarbonate ion.
    E.  dissolved in the plasma and bound to hemoglobin.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.05
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #64
Topic: Respiratory System
 

90. During exercise, the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve
    A. shifts to the right.
    B.  shifts to the left.
    C.  doesn’t shift.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #65
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

91. The Bohr effect refers to the
    A. mechanism involved in diffusion of nitrogen into the blood.
    B.  physical laws governing the solubility of gases in fluids.
    C.  effect of pH on the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve.
    D.  chemical equilibrium between carbonic acid and bicarbonate in the blood.
    E.  effect of temperature on the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #66
Topic: Respiratory System
 

92. Most oxygen is carried in the blood ______; but most carbon dioxide is ________.
    A. dissolved in plasma; associated with salt or acid
    B.  bound to hemoglobin; associated with bicarbonate ions in the plasma
    C.  combined with albumin; associated with carbonic acid
    D.  bound to hemoglobin; bound to albumin
    E.  bound to plasma proteins; carried as carbon dioxide

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #67
Topic: Respiratory System
 

93. Mr. Jones has a blood pH of 7.00 and a temperature of 100.5°F. His oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve would
    A. shift to the right, causing more O₂ to be released to his cells.
    B.  shift to the left, allowing less O₂ to be released to his cells.
    C.  show no change, allowing the O₂ concentration to remain stable.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #68
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

94. When 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) levels increase, hemoglobin
    A. releases less oxygen to tissues.
    B.  releases more carbon dioxide to tissues.
    C.  releases more oxygen to tissues.
    D.  releases less carbon dioxide to tissues.
    E.  None of these choices is correct.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #69
Topic: Respiratory System
 

95. As temperature increases, how would this affect the oxyhemoglobin-dissociation curve?
    A. shift it to the left
    B.  shift it to the right
    C.  no change
    D.  shift it up
    E.  None of these choices is correct

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #70
Topic: Respiratory System
 

96. Hemoglobin that has oxygen attached is called
    A. hemoglobin-oxygen complex.
    B.  carbaminohemoglobin.
    C.  oxyhemoglobin.
    D.  deoxyhemoglobin.
    E.  globoxygen.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #71
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

97. As acidity increases, how does this affect the affinity of hemoglobin for the oxygen it carries?
    A. Oxyhemoglobin affinity decreases.
    B.  Oxyhemoglobin affinity increases.
    C.  Oxyhemoglobin affinity remains the same.
    D.  Hemoglobin loses its affinity for oxygen.
    E.  None of these choices is correct.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #72
Topic: Respiratory System
 

98. How does carbon monoxide affect red blood cells (RBCs)?
    A. It causes them to shrivel.
    B.  The hemoglobin within the RBC bind to carbon monoxide.
    C.  The hemoglobin rejects carbon monoxide.
    D.  The RBCs clump together.
    E.  The carbon monoxide converts to carbon dioxide.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.09
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #74
Topic: Respiratory System
 

99. Why is transfused blood discarded after about 6 weeks of storage?
    A. It can not bind to oxygen anymore.
    B.  It becomes too thick.
    C.  The BPG levels are too low for adequate release of oxygen to tissues.
    D.  The percent oxygen saturation is too low.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

100. Why is fetal hemoglobin very efficient at picking up oxygen?
     A. The BPG levels are much higher than in maternal hemoglobin.
     B.  The fetal oxygen-dissociation curve is to the right of the maternal oxygen-dissociation curve.
     C.  The concentration of fetal hemoglobin is 10% greater than the concentration of maternal hemoglobin.
     D.  The fetal oxygen-dissociation curve is to the left of the maternal oxygen-dissociation curve.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

101. Most carbon dioxide is transported in the blood
     A. in the form of bicarbonate ions.
     B.  bound to hemoglobin.
     C.  dissolved in the plasma.
     D.  by the leukocytes.
     E.  in the form of carbonic acid.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #75
Topic: Respiratory System
 

102. Hemoglobin that has released its oxygen
     A. loses its affinity for oxygen.
     B.  will dissolve in the plasma.
     C.  will bind more readily to carbon dioxide.
     D.  is broken down to heme and globin and excreted.
     E.  will bind more readily to oxygen.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #76
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

103. The chloride shift refers to the
     A. effect of chloride ions on the oxygen dissociation curve.
     B.  exchange of chloride ions for bicarbonate ions across the red blood cell membrane.
     C.  exchange of chloride ions for carbon dioxide across alveolar cell membranes.
     D.  effect of chloride ions on hydrogen ion diffusion from red blood cells.
     E.  exchange of chloride ions for hemoglobin across the RBC membrane.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #77
Topic: Respiratory System
 

104. Which of the following events in the chloride shift occurs last?
     A. Carbon dioxide diffuses into a red blood cell.
     B.  Carbonic acid dissociates to form bicarbonate and hydrogen ions.
     C.  Bicarbonate ions diffuse into the plasma.
     D.  CO₂ and H₂O ® H₂CO₃
     E.  Carbonic acid dissociates to form water and carbon dioxide.

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #78
Topic: Respiratory System
 

105. Which of the following molecules acts as a buffer during the chloride shift?
     A. carbon dioxide
     B.  hemoglobin
     C.  carbonic anhydrase
     D.  water
     E.  bicarbonate ion

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #79
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

106. The Haldane effect means that
     A. as hemoglobin releases CO₂, the ability to pick up O₂ increases.
     B.  as hemoglobin releases bicarbonate ions, the ability to pick up chloride ions increases.
     C.  as hemoglobin releases O₂, the ability to pick up CO₂ increases.
     D.  as hemoglobin releases O₂, the ability to pick up CO₂ decreases.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

107. If there is an accumulation of acidic products in the plasma, one would expect
     A. an increase in respiration rate.
     B.  a decrease in respiration rate.
     C.  no influence on respiration rate.
     D.  an increase in residual volume.
     E.  apnea.

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #80
Topic: Respiratory System
 

108. Direct stimulation of neurons within the dorsal respiratory group would cause an increase in the frequency of action potential in the
     A. glossopharyngeal nerve that innervates the pharyngeal muscles.
     B.  phrenic nerve that innervates the diaphragm.
     C.  vagus nerve that innervates the smooth muscle of the bronchioles.
     D.  intercostal nerves to internal intercostals muscles.
     E.  intercostal nerves to external intercostals muscles.

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #81
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

109. Which of the following statements concerning the dorsal and ventral respiratory groups is false?
     A. They are located in the reticular activating system.
     B.  There is cross communication between these two groups.
     C.  These groups establish the basic rate and depth of breathing.
     D.  These groups increase the number of action potentials to the respiratory muscles during inspiration.
     E.  Two dorsal and two ventral respiratory groups make up the medullary respiratory center.

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #82
Topic: Respiratory System
 

110. The ventral respiratory group
     A. is located in the pons.
     B.  stimulates the intercostal and abdominal muscles.
     C.  is part of the pontine respiratory group.
     D.  is active only in exhalation.
     E.  stimulates the diaphragm.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #83
Topic: Respiratory System
 

111. The pontine respiratory neurons
     A. are located in the medulla oblongata in the brain.
     B.  are active only during inspiration.
     C.  are active only during expiration.
     D.  play a role in switching between inspiration and expiration.
     E.  is essential for respiratory rhythm.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #84
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

112. Rhythmicity of breathing involves
     A. conscious effort and control.
     B.  stimulation of inspiration. Expiration is automatic.
     C.  pontine respiratory group as a necessary part.
     D.  a set pattern of inspiration – expiration that is always the same.
     E.  the pre-Bötzinger complex of the ventral respiratory group.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #85
Topic: Respiratory System
 

113. A baby holding its breath will
     A. be termed a “blue baby”.
     B.  have brain cells damaged because of low blood oxygen levels.
     C.  suffer heart damage because of increased pressure in the aorta.
     D.  automatically start to breathe when the CO₂ levels in the blood reach a high enough value.
     E.  automatically start to breathe when oxygen levels decrease slightly.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #86
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

True / False Questions

114. It is possible to consciously control the rate and depth of respiration.
     TRUE

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

115. Apnea is the slowing of respiration as occurs during sleep.
     FALSE

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

116. The chemosensitive area of the brain is located in the
     A. pons.
     B.  cerebral peduncles.
     C.  cerebellum.
     D.  hypothalamus.
     E.  medulla oblongata.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #87
Topic: Respiratory System
 

117. Mr. Smith hypoventilates and retains too much carbon dioxide. Which of the following receptors is stimulated by an increase in carbon dioxide?
     A. irritant receptors
     B.  pressure receptors
     C.  osmoreceptors
     D.  peripheral chemoreceptors
     E.  baroreceptors

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #88
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

118. When carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase, the
     A. condition is called hypocapnia.
     B.  pH of the blood increases.
     C.  blood becomes more acidic.
     D.  number of hydrogen ions in the blood decreases.
     E.  blood becomes more alkaline.

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #89
Topic: Respiratory System
 

119. After hyperventilating for several minutes, a person may develop short periods of apnea because
     A. blood pH would drop and inhibit inspiration.
     B.  oxygen in the lungs has not had time to diffuse into the blood.
     C.  the level of oxygen has increased and inhibits the inspiratory center.
     D.  the level of CO₂ decreases below the level necessary to stimulate the inspiratory center.
     E.  blood pH will rise and stimulate expiration.

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #90
Topic: Respiratory System
 

120. Blood oxygen levels
     A. are more important than carbon dioxide levels in the regulation of respiration.
     B.  need to change only slightly to cause a change in respiration rate.
     C.  within the normal PO₂ range have little effect on regulation of respiration.
     D.  in venous blood and arterial blood are about the same.
     E.  never change enough to influence respiration.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #91
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

121. The major regulator of respiration is the plasma concentration of
     A. oxygen.
     B.  carbon dioxide.
     C.  water vapor.
     D.  nitrogen.
     E.  chloride.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #92
Topic: Respiratory System
 

122. A greater than normal amount of CO₂ in the blood is called
     A. hypercapnia.
     B.  hypoxia.
     C.  hyperdioxemia.
     D.  hypodioxemia.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

123. The Hering-Breuer reflex
     A. causes erratic respirations.
     B.  helps prevent overinflation of the lungs.
     C.  has its sensory components in the sympathetic nerves.
     D.  is a normal response to increased oxygen content in the blood.
     E.  limits how much air a person can expire.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #93
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

124. During exercise, ventilation initially increases due to
     A. increased blood carbon dioxide levels stimulating baroreceptors.
     B.  decreased blood oxygen levels stimulating chemoreceptors.
     C.  decreased blood pH levels stimulating baroreceptors.
     D.  limb movements that stimulate the respiratory center.
     E.  abrupt changes in metabolism or blood gases.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #94
Topic: Respiratory System
 

125. The highest level of exercise that can be performed without causing a significant change in blood pH is called the
     A. Hering-Breuer reflex.
     B.  aerobic threshold.
     C.  anaerobic threshold.
     D.  lactic acid tolerance level.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

126. Which of the following is NOT a respiratory adaptation to exercise training?
     A. vital capacity increases
     B.  tidal volume at maximal exercise will increase
     C.  increased minute ventilation after training
     D.  after training, respiratory rate at rest is lower

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.08
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

127. Which of the following is mismatched?
     A. bronchitis – inflammation of the bronchi
     B.  emphysema – destruction of the alveolar walls
     C.  pulmonary fibrosis – loss of elastic recoil in the lung
     D.  cystic fibrosis – replacement of lung tissue with fibrous connective tissue
     E.  smokers – chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.09
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #95
Topic: Respiratory System
 

128. A respiratory disease characterized by decreased chloride ion diffusion out of cells and dehydrated respiratory secretions is
     A. bronchitis.
     B.  emphysema.
     C.  cystic fibrosis.
     D.  pulmonary fibrosis.
     E.  lung cancer.

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.09
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #96
Topic: Respiratory System
 

129. A patient has severe pneumonia, which has thickened the respiratory membrane. Despite oxygen therapy, he still has rapid respiration and feels as if he is not getting enough air. This is because
     A. the oxygen increases the stimulation of the carotid and aortic bodies.
     B.  the oxygen stimulates the respiratory center to increase the respiratory rate.
     C.  his blood pH increased and stimulated an increase in his respiratory rate.
     D.  even though he is receiving enough oxygen, carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions accumulate in his blood and cause the respiratory rate to continue to increase.
     E.  oxygen cannot diffuse across the thickened membrane.

 

Bloom’s Level: Apply
Section: 23.09
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #97
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

130. Which of the following is an effect of aging on the respiratory system?
     A. vital capacity is unchanged
     B.  minute ventilation rates increase
     C.  residual volume increases
     D.  gas exchange in the lungs remains unchanged

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.09
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

131. What does “A” represent on the diagram?
     A.larynx
     B. lungs
     C. trachea
     D. pharynx
     E. bronchi

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #98
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

132. What does “B” represent on the diagram?
     A.larynx
     B. lungs
     C. trachea
     D. pharynx
     E. bronchi

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #99
Topic: Respiratory System
 

133. What does “C” represent on the diagram?
     A.larynx
     B. lungs
     C. trachea
     D. pharynx
     E. bronchi

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #100
Topic: Respiratory System
 

134. What does “D” represent on the diagram?
     A.larynx
     B. lungs
     C. trachea
     D. pharynx
     E. bronchi

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #101
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

135. What does “E” represent on the diagram?
     A.larynx
     B. lungs
     C. trachea
     D. pharynx
     E. bronchi

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #102
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

136. The diagram illustrates the respiratory membrane. What layer is “A”?
     A.basement membrane of capillary endothelium
     B. capillary endothelium
     C. alveolar epithelium
     D. alveolar fluid
     E. basement of alveolar epithelium

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #103
Topic: Respiratory System
 

137. The diagram illustrates the respiratory membrane. What layer is “B”?
     A.basement membrane of capillary endothelium
     B. capillary endothelium
     C. alveolar epithelium
     D. alveolar fluid
     E. basement of alveolar epithelium

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #104
Topic: Respiratory System
 

138. The diagram illustrates the respiratory membrane. What layer is “C”?
     A.basement membrane of capillary endothelium
     B. capillary endothelium
     C. alveolar epithelium
     D. alveolar fluid
     E. basement of alveolar epithelium

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #105
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

139. The diagram illustrates the respiratory membrane. What layer is “D”?
     A.basement membrane of capillary endothelium
     B. capillary endothelium
     C. alveolar epithelium
     D. alveolar fluid
     E. basement of alveolar epithelium

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #106
Topic: Respiratory System
 

140. The diagram illustrates the respiratory membrane. What layer is “E”?
     A.basement membrane of capillary endothelium
     B. capillary endothelium
     C. alveolar epithelium
     D. alveolar fluid
     E. basement of alveolar epithelium

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #107
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

 

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

141. The diagram illustrates the major regulatory mechanisms of ventilation. What mechanism does “A” represent?
     A.Hering-Breuer reflex
     B. receptors for touch, temperature, pain stimule
     C. medullary chemoreceptors
     D. carotid and aortic body chemoreceptors
     E. proprioceptors

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #108
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

142. The diagram illustrates the major regulatory mechanisms of ventilation. What mechanism does “B” represent?
     A.Hering-Breuer reflex
     B. receptors for touch, temperature, pain stimuli
     C. medullary chemoreceptors
     D. carotid and aortic body chemoreceptors
     E. proprioceptors

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #109
Topic: Respiratory System
 

143. The diagram illustrates the major regulatory mechanisms of ventilation. What mechanism does “C” represent?
     A.Hering-Breuer reflex
     B. receptors for touch, temperature, pain stimuli
     C. medullary chemoreceptors
     D. carotid and aortic body chemoreceptors
     E. proprioceptors

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #110
Topic: Respiratory System
 

144. The diagram illustrates the major regulatory mechanisms of ventilation. What mechanism does “D” represent?
     A.Hering-Breuer reflex
     B. receptors for touch, temperature, pain stimuli
     C. medullary chemoreceptors
     D. carotid and aortic body chemoreceptors
     E. proprioceptors

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #111
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

145. The diagram illustrates the major regulatory mechanisms of ventilation. What mechanism does “E” represent?
     A.Hering-Breuer reflex
     B. receptors for touch, temperature, pain stimuli
     C. medullary chemoreceptors
     D. carotid and aortic body chemoreceptors
     E. proprioceptors

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.07
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #112
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

Fill in the Blank Questions
Use the following key to determine the best answer.
A. Choose this if the first item is greater than the second item.
B. Choose this if the first item is less than the second item.
C. Choose this if the first item is equal or nearly equal to the second item.

 

Bloom’s Level: Analyze
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

146. (1) alveolar pressure during inspiration;
     (2) alveolar pressure during expiration
     b

 

Bloom’s Level: Analyze
Section: 23.03
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #113
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

147. (1) PO₂ in alveolar air;
     (2) PO₂ in venous blood
     a

 

Bloom’s Level: Analyze
Section: 23.05
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #114
Topic: Respiratory System
 

148. (1) PO₂ of arterial blood;
     (2) PO₂ of intracellular fluid.
     a

 

Bloom’s Level: Analyze
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #115
Topic: Respiratory System
 

Match the term with the appropriate description.
A. the floor of the nasal cavity
B. superior portion of pharynx
C. a soft process that extends inferiorly from the posterior edge of the soft palate
D. the opening of the nasal cavity into the pharynx
E. external openings of the nasal cavity

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

149. external nares
     e

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #116
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

150. internal nares
     d

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #117
Topic: Respiratory System
 

151. hard palate
     a

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #118
Topic: Respiratory System
 

152. nasopharynx
     b

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #119
Topic: Respiratory System
 

153. uvula
     c

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #120
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

Match the term with the appropriate description or definition.
A. sum of the inspiratory reserve, expiratory reserve, tidal, and residual volumes
B. volume of air inspired during a normal inspiration
C. volume of air remaining in lungs after the most forceful expiration
D. sum of the expiratory reserve, inspiratory reserve, and tidal volumes
E. the amount of air that can be forcefully expired after expiration of the normal tidal volume

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.04
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

154. expiratory reserve volume
     e

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.04
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #121
Topic: Respiratory System
 

155. tidal volume
     b

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.04
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #122
Topic: Respiratory System
 

156. residual volume
     c

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.04
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #123
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

157. vital capacity
     d

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.04
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #124
Topic: Respiratory System
 

158. total lung capacity
     a

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.04
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #125
Topic: Respiratory System
 

Use the table to determine the best answer.

Patient A Patient B Patient C Patient D Respiration Rate 34 8 14 36 Blood pH 7.32 7.25 7.40 7.52 PCO2 52 60 40 22 PO2 84 72 98 110 Tidal Volume 375 ml 400 ml 500 ml 600 ml

 

Bloom’s Level: Analyze
Section: 23.04
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

159. Which of the patients above does not have any abnormal respiratory values?
     Patient C

 

Bloom’s Level: Analyze
Section: 23.04
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #126
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

160. Which of the patients above is suffering from emphysema?
     Patient A

 

Bloom’s Level: Analyze
Section: 23.04
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #127
Topic: Respiratory System
 

161. Which of the patients above might have a depression of the respiratory center due to drugs?
     Patient B

 

Bloom’s Level: Analyze
Section: 23.04
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #128
Topic: Respiratory System
 

162. Which of the patients above has a severe case of “test anxiety”?
     Patient D

 

Bloom’s Level: Analyze
Section: 23.04
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #129
Topic: Respiratory System
 

Match the disorder of the respiratory system with the best description.
A. destruction of the alveolar walls
B. inflammation of the bronchii
C. inherited disease that affects secretory cells lining the lungs
D replacement of lung tissue with fibrous connective tissue
E. infant stops breathing during sleep

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.09
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

163. pulmonary fibrosis
     d

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.09
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #130
Topic: Respiratory System
 

164. emphysema
     a

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.09
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #131
Topic: Respiratory System
 

165. sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
     e

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.09
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #132
Topic: Respiratory System
 

166. cystic fibrosis
     c

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.09
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #134
Topic: Respiratory System
 

Use the following two choices.
A. oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the right
B. oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the left

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter…
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

167. decrease blood pH
     a

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #135
Topic: Respiratory System
 

168. decrease in carbon dioxide
     b

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #136
Topic: Respiratory System
 

169. decrease in body temperature
     b

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #137
Topic: Respiratory System
 

170. increase in body temperature
     a

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #138
Topic: Respiratory System
 

171. increase in pH
     b

 

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 23.06
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #139
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

172. The posterior wall of the trachea contains smooth muscle called the __________ muscle.
     trachealis

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #140
Topic: Respiratory System
 

173. The __________ zone extends from the trachea to the terminal bronchioles.
     conducting

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #141
Topic: Respiratory System
 

174. Gas exchange between the air and the blood takes place in the __________.
     alveoli

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #142
Topic: Respiratory System
 

175. The thyroid cartilage is part of the __________.
     larynx

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.02
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #143
Topic: Respiratory System
 

176. Contraction of the __________ muscles will elevate the ribs and move the sternum.
     external intercostal

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.03
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #144
Topic: Respiratory System
 

 

177. __________ is the volume of air inspired during a normal inspiration.
     tidal volume

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.03
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #145
Topic: Respiratory System
 

178. The part of the respiratory system where gas exchange does not occur is called __________ space.
     dead

 

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 23.03
Seeley – 023 Chapter… #146
Topic: Respiratory System